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The importance of determining the prognostic COVID score for the stratification of patients with COVID-19.
Mirská, Klára ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
COVID-19 remains a life-threating disease with a very heterogenous clinical presentation for risk patients. Recently, there has been an effort to find a suitable laboratory marker for early and reliable assessment of prognosis of this disease. The scoring systems seem to be suitable markers with more complex evidential value. This diploma thesis is engaged in the importance of COVID-19 prognostic score then, which was developed and validated by the Sysmex Europe GmgH corporation in Hamburg (a subsidiary of Sysmex Corporation in Kobe) in the collaboration with European university hospitals. It is a score calculated from ten hematological parameters, which were proven to change dynamically at the onset of COVID-19. This score and the changes in selected hematological and biochemical parameters were observed depending on the course of COVID-19. The observed laboratory markers included WBC, Lymf, Neu, Eo, IG, Delta-He, DDI, FBG, NLR, CRP, PCT, IL-6, ferritin and troponin T. The theoretical part of the diploma thesis is engaged in the general characteristic of COVID-19, the description of its causative agent, the virus SARS-CoV-2, the diagnostics, therapy, and prevention of the disease. The experimental part is engaged in the statistical analysis of the results of the individual observed parameters and...
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Changes in selected laboratory parameters in patients with complicated COVID-19
Sýkorová, Klára ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Bc. Klára Sýkorová Supervisor: Mgr. Ilona Fátorová Title of diploma thesis: Changes in selected laboratory parameters in patients with complicated COVID-19 The aim of the diploma thesis is to write a research on the topic using available literary publications. Comparison of changes in selected laboratory markers in COVID-19 disease in hospitalized patients and patients with a mild course of the disease and then statistical evaluation of the obtained data. The theoretical part contains a briefly description of the COVID-19 disease and its originator - SARS-CoV-2 virus. It deals with the description of the disease, transmission, pathogenesis and the course of the disease. Furthermore, risk factors for the serious course of the disease, its complications, clinical and laboratory diagnostics and finally treatment. In the experimental part of the work, a statistical analysis of the measured data is performed. Comparable hematological and biochemical parameters include WBC, lympho #, NLR, Ret-He, ICIS score, sN # (abs), alG # (abs), D-dimers, fibrinogen, CRP, PCT and myoglobin. A statistically significant difference was found for all selected parameters except WBC. Patients with severe disease...
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Comparison of Results of Coagulation Parameters Measured by Different Methods
Ježková, Veronika ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
The present thesis deals with the laboratory determination of the functional activity of coagulation factor VIII. It is one of the coagulation factors involved in hemostasis. Its deficit or functional deficiency leads to a severe bleeding disorder - haemophilia A. The aim of the theoretical part of this thesis is to create a brief overview of the coagulation factor VIII - heredity, structure, biosynthesis, secretion and function in the organism. It also describes haemophilia A, which is a disorder caused by a lack of synthesis, functional defects or the presence of inhibitors against the coagulation factor VIII. The history of the disease, clinical classification, etiopathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment are described in this part. Laboratory methods for determination of coagulation factor VIII and its specific inhibitor are described in the last part. The practical part deals with the determination of the functional activity of the coagulation factor VIII by the commonly used coagulant method and also by the chromogenic method. The aim is to compare the results and evaluate them statistically. The study was performed on the mechanical automatic coagulometer STA-R Evolution from the company Diagnostica Stago. Samples from 83 patients were included in the examined group. Not only plasma samples of...
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Examination of Cellular Elements in the Cerebrospinal Fluid on the Analyser Sysmex XE-5000 by Method of "Body Fluid".
Davídková, Jana ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
Cerebrospinal fluid is examined using a variety of methods, which also include determining the number and type of each cell. Now the method of the first choice to determine the cellular elements is a microscopic method. This determination, however, can also be done using the analyzer method, which is not yet so widespread. The aim of my thesis was to compare these two methods and determine whether the examination of cerebrospinal fluid on the analyzer Sysmex XE-5000 in the "Body Fluid" mode can replace commonly used microscopic methods. To this purpose, we gathered the laboratory data measured by using both these methods. These data was compared, evaluated and statistically processed. The resulting data suggest that the values measured on the analyzer Sysmex XE-5000 are more accurate than from microscopic determination, especially at highly cell samples of cerebrospinal fluid. To this end, we came evaluation of Bland-Altman graphs and comparison graphs with marked of limits of physiological oligocytosis. For checking of the accuracy of measurements, we verified the repeatability of the analyzer for the values of leukocytes and erythrocytes, coefficients of variation corresponding to the values specified by the manufacturer's documentation. We also investigated the stability of samples of...
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Correlation of measured data analyzer Sysmex XT-4000i and microscopic findings on examination of pleural and pericardial effusions.
Ďuračová, Kamila ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
Autor: Kamila Ďuračová Název: Korelace dat naměřených analyzátorem Sysmex XT-4000i s mikroskopickým nálezem při vyšetření pleurálních a perikardiálních výpotků Bakalářská práce Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové Studijní obor: Zdravotní laborant Abstract The aim of this bachelor thesis is to compare two kinds of measurements of cells with high fluorescence (so called HF-BF cells) - in particular mesothelial cells, activated macrophages and malignant cells. One measurement was conducted with the analyser Sysmex XT-4000i, the other one was done with a microscope. In both cases pericardial effusions were measured. The goal of this thesis is to find out, if the limit of 1% HF-BF cells, above which a microscopic inspection has to be conducted, is sufficient, and if there are no cells of malign origin found in the sample below this limit. The obtained data is statistically evaluated to analyse the agreement between the two measurements with the help of Bland-Altman plots, and then both kinds of measurements are used to confirm the 1% boundary limit for sample negativity. Methods: Pleural and pericardial effusions were measured on the haematology analyser Sysmex XT-4000i. The used measurement mode was "Body Fluid", which is based on the principle of fluorescent flow cytometry and...
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Current possibilities of laboratory diagnostics of anemia
Šmídlová, Monika ; Vrbacký, Filip (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
Author: Monika Šmídlová Title: Current possibilities of laboratory diagnostics of anemia Type of assignment: Bachelor's thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Branch of study: Healthcare Laboratory Assistant (ZDLB) This bachelor's thesis discusses the general informations and summary of etiopathogenetical classification of anaemia and possibilities of laboratory diagnostics. Thesis is mainly focused on laboratory diagnosis of inherited types of anaemia. Anaemia or anaemia syndrome is a pathological condition characterized by low levels of haemoglobin and hematocrit under the physiological limit. Clinical manifestations are variously severe depending on development of disease and type of anaemia. Anaemia patient suffer from reduced oxygenation of tissues which determinates many symptoms of tissue hypoxia. Other symptoms are associated with hypovolemia and hyperkinetic circulation that can occur. In haemolytic anaemia, patients have symptoms of intravascular or extravascular haemolysis. Primary (hereditary) anaemia are congenital, the cause lies in genetic mutations that result a changes of phenotype properties of erythrocytes. The process of diagnosis determinating includes correct identification of family history, relevant medical examinations and laboratory...
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Detection of thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies in the Eastern Bohemia region in 1995 - 2015. (Retrospective study)
Rožcová, Lucie ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to describe the occurence of the thalassemias and hemoglobinopathies in eastern region of Czech Republic. The data of the patients were retrospectively evaluated. The patients were examined in the hematological laboratory. The examination was performed in the University Hospital in Hradec Králové since 1996 to 2015. In the theoretical part is shortly described hemoglobin, his structure and functions. Futher on there are described congenital diseases - thalasemias and hemeglobinopathies. The diagnostical methods, laboratory findings and therapy are also mentioned. The practical part is focused on diagnostical methods, which are used at the University Hospital in Hradec Kralové. Some of them are complete blood count, diferencial count blood smears and hemoglobin electrophoresis. The obtained laboratory data were statisticaly evaluated and compared with global occurrence of thalasemies and hemeglobinopathies. Key words: thalassemia, hemoglobinopathy, blood count, hemoglobin electrophoresis
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Current posibilities of laboratory diagnostics of septic state
Šímová, Karolína ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Bc. Karolína Šímová Supervisor: Mgr. Ilona Fátorová Title of diploma thesis: Current posibilities of laboratory diagnostics of septic state The aim of the thesis is to conduct a literature search on the causes of septic conditions, their laboratory and clinical diagnosis and treatment. Furthermore, the aim is to compare laboratory markers for the early detection of sepsis and statistically evaluate the results. The theoretical part deals with the history and development of the definition of sepsis, pathophysiology of septic conditions, their causative agents, risk factors and therapy. Furthermore, it comprises clinical and laboratory diagnostics with emphasis on the description of currently used and potential biomarkers for the diagnosis of sepsis. The practical part consists of statistical analysis of the dependence of selected hematological parameters Ret-He, ICIS score, NLR ratio and biochemical parameters PCT, CRP and IL-6 on the incidence of sepsis or SIRS in the studied group of patients. For all selected parameters, a statistically significant difference was found between the values of the parameter in patients with sepsis or SIRS and those without sepsis or SIRS. Statistically...
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The significance of morphology in differential diagnosis of lymphoproliferative disorders.
Kaválková, Adriana ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
This work deals with lymphoproliferative diseases in which morphology can contribute to diagnosis and speed up the diagnostic process. The cytomorphological examination is performed whenever any hematopathology is suspected. Cell morphology is assessed from both peripheral blood and bone marrow aspirates. We evaluate many parameters during microscopic examination of the cells: size, shape and deposition of the nucleus, chromatin structure, presence of nuclei, cytoplasm volume and colour, the presence of granules, vacuole, etc. The most common finding in peripheral blood is reactive lymphocytosis and often the presence of cellular atypia: e.g. visible nucleus, a distinct fine structure of chromatin, heterogeneity of the nucleus. Lymphoproliferation can be manifested by non-specific clinical and laboratory findings, which are sometimes difficult to properly evaluate. Therefore should be the results of other laboratory tests and clinical picture taken into account too. Morphology continues to play an important role in the process of recognizing leukaemias and lymphomas. In today's classification responds morphology seldom to the question what disease we looking at. However, the examination is still far more accessible and usually faster than follow-up laboratory methods and has its place in the chain...
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Differential diagnosis of macrocytic anemias - literature review
Kepka, Zdeněk ; Fátorová, Ilona (advisor) ; Pešková, Eliška (referee)
Author: Zdeněk Kepka Thesis title: Differential diagnosis of macrocytic anemias - literature review Type of assignment: Bachelor's thesis Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Branch of study: Healthcare Laboratory Assistant (ZDLB) This bachelor thesis deals with laboratory methods, which are used in the diagnosis of macrocytary anemia. Anemic syndrome and its clinical manifestation are defined in the introductory part. The basic classification of anemia according to morphological and pathophysiological aspects is included also in the introduction part. The thesis emphasizes description of the most common macrocytic anemias and their causes. The possibilities of treating these diseases are briefly presented. Two case reports of patients with macrocytic anemia are presented at the end of the thesis.
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