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Safety problems of modern nuclear reactors
Kukla, Jaroslav ; Přibil, Rudolf (advisor) ; Matějíček, Luboš (referee)
Jaroslav Kukla Otázky bezpe nosti moderních jaderných reaktor Bakalá ská práce Abstract: This study is concerned with safety factors of nuclear reactors. It summarizes history of nuclear reactors development and analyses causes of some serious accidents, which occurred in the past. It describes physical characteristics of radioactive radiation and mentions a basic survey of quantities and units. Then it describes the influence of radioactive emission on man and other living organisms. It also defines some reactor components and focuses on general security principles, which are further developed. It shortly explains the methods of evaluation of safety factors of nuclear reactors and a role of nuclear supervision. It puts nuclear reactors into several generations and every type of reactor is described as for technical and safety aspects, respectively. It refers to contemporary trends in development of nuclear reactors and in development of their safety.
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Perspectives and pitfalls of fytoenergy
Eršil, Lukáš ; Přibil, Rudolf (advisor) ; Frouz, Jan (referee)
Not only people advocating for sustainable development are interesting in the progress of the phytoenergetic's sector, also investors, politicians, ecomistits and farmers are interested in that. Most of the people interested in phytoenergy take this growing branch as a promissory business. Conservation of non-renewable resources hasn't been taken as the main aim. The potential of the energy content of the biomass of plants is undiscussed. Nevertheless is necessary to calculate how much land can be destined to energetic crops without causing negative impact on environment. That's depends mainly on the agricultural land resources, on climate conditions and on the possibilities of construction infrastructure for postharvest activities. . In my bachelor thesis I deal with the advantages and disadvantages of different species of energetic crops and focus on biofuels life cycles and on motors biofuels, which are very important due to interest that the strong automobile industry has put in them. I concluded that, considering the technological facilities up to date, is not profitable to transform the biomass into liquid biofuels. Focus on low resources consuming energetic crops with low impact on the environment, which could be exploited only through burning, would be more profitable. I find more...
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Environmental impacts of nuclear energy
Malkova, Kristina ; Matějíček, Luboš (advisor) ; Přibil, Rudolf (referee)
Title: Environmental impacts of nuclear energy Author: Malkova Kristina Supervisor: Ing. Luboš Matějíček, Dr., Ústav pro životní prostředí Přírodovědecké fakulty Univerzity Karlovy v Praze, Benátská 2, 128 01 Praha 2 Supervisor's e-mail adress: lmatejic@natur.cuni.cz Abstract: The thesis is focused on study the impact of nuclear energy on the environment regard to non - renewable and renewable energy sources. The work includes evaluation of the entire fuel cycle of the use of various technologies. It includes trends in resource using of nuclear energy with respect to emergency events from a global perspective. Increased attention is also paid to the media impacts nuclear power plant accidents with effects on the environment. Keywords: nuclear energy, energy mix, technology, Chernobyl, Fukushima, nuclear waste
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Application of diffusive samplers for ambient ozone measurements
Cepáková, Šárka ; Hůnová, Iva (advisor) ; Přibil, Rudolf (referee)
Diffuse sampling is based on free flow of analyte molecules from the sampled medium to a collecting medium. This method is used for quantifying ambient, gaseous air pollutant concentrations. Diffuse monitoring offers a geographical concentration distribution. It is available choice for measuring ambient ozone. Today, tropospheric ozone belongs to the most problematic pollutants in the atmosphere. And thatś why it is useful to monitor spatial and temporal variations in the amount of this pollutant. The offer of diffuse samplers for monitoring ambient ozone concentration is wide enough - the most widely used samplers are for example Gradko, Ogawa, Radiello or IVL.
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The Assessmentof of Environmental Impacts of Representative Renewable Eenergy Technologies in the Czech Republic
Pavlica, Jaroslav ; Přibil, Rudolf (advisor) ; Kočí, Vladimír (referee) ; Matějíček, Luboš (referee)
The Abstract The main objectives of the presented thesis - The Assessment of Environmental Impacts of Representative Renewable Energy Technologies in the Czech Republic were complex assessment of representative renewable energy technologies within different criterions, assessment of their greenhouse gas mitigation effectiveness and evaluation of usefulness of financial incentives aimed on renewable electricity in the Czech Republic in the period 2005-2010. Thereafter representative technologies were compared with nuclear and best available techniques coal-fired power plants in order to determine the best convenient electricity generating technology. Wind, photovoltaic, small hydro-electricity and geothermal power plants were appraised in particular. The thesis was based on partial analysis and meta-analysis aiming on particular aspects and the entire life cycles of the technologies was taken under consideration. The basic methodology framework of life-cycle assessment, which was useful for a comparison of different electricity-generating technologies, was applied within the thesis. The key input data were gathered via meta-analysis. The database GEMIS 4.81, reports by Energy regulatory office, European statistics office, International energy agency and Czech hydrometeorology institute were used to acquire...
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