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Residua of Drugs in the Evironment - Interaction with Higher Plants
Jirák, Jaroslav ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Moša, Marek (referee)
- 4 - Abstract The aim of this study was to carry out phytoextraction experiments using corn plants (Zea mays) and determine the phytoextraction efficiency for specific non-steroidal anti- inflammatory drugs and carbamazepine and their combinations. After 10 days of growth, a nutrient solution containing ibuprofene, naproxene, diclofenac and carbamazepine in concentrations ranging from 5 to 10 mg/L was added to hydrophonically cultivated plants. Nutrient solution samples were taken every 24 hours and the samples were then analysed using a HPLC/DAD system. At the end of the experiment, the experimental plants and roots were analysed for extractable residua using HPLC/DAD + FLD. The greatest phytoextraction efficiency was found for ibuprofene. The second and third most effective extraction was observed for naproxene and diclofenac, depending on the evaluation criteria. The lowest phytoextraction efficiency was observed for carbamazepine. With multi-component experiments, lower phytoextraction efficiency was found out for all substances with the exception of ibuprofene in combination with diclofenac and carbamazepine. The toxic impact of ibuprofene on plant transport mechanisms was also proven. The extractable residua analysis confirmed the ibuprofene's toxicity on plant transport mechanisms and also the...
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Study of fluorescent labelled bilirubine preparation
Felklová, Veronika ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Moša, Marek (referee)
Heme is a prosthetic group containing iron atom at the center of the tetrapyrrole cycle, which is the part of hemoglobin. Heme is metabolized by heme oxygenase to linear tetrapyrrolic pigment - biliverdine. It is immediately transformed to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase. This pigment is excreted daily into the systematic circulation. Normal levels of unconjugated bilirubin in plasma are 5 - 17 μmol/l for adult. At extremely elevated levels (above 340 μmol / l) causes cytotoxic due to its lipophility, especially in the neonatal period can lead to the development of bilirubin encephalopathy. The pathogenesis of this complication is not clear, there is no precise information of the transport of unconjugated bilirubin across the blood-brain barrier as well as target structures in the central nervous system. Distribution of unconjugated bilirubin in newborns is still not entirely clear. The aim of this work is to discover new methods which would allow more detailed investigation of distribution of bilirubin in living systems. A suitable method appears to be fluorescent labelling of tetrapyrrole pigment in position C10 which reaches into the spatial arrangement of the molecule, and does not affect its physicochemical properties and thus its biological activity. The fluorescence-labeled molecules can...
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Preparation of radiolabelled bilirubin
Čepa, Adam ; Smrček, Stanislav (advisor) ; Moša, Marek (referee)
This thesis is dedicated to reasearch in radiolabeling bile pigment bilirubin. Minority bilirubin present in the body the form unconjugated. In this work, it was crucial synthesize radiolabeled bilirubin which could be monitored by detector in vitro experiments. A possible further applications, such bilirubin would be detectable in vivo experiments using µ-PET/SPECT (micro- positron emission tomography/single photon emission computed tomography) . The aim of this thesis propose variation for possible signs of bilirubin radioisotopes and synthesis of bilirubin derivates suitable for radioactive labeling. Another objektive of this work is the synthesis and study of the well-known derivative ranarubin called bilirubin, which could potentially have very simile characteristics, such as bilirubin and therefore would be a good candidate for radioisotope labeling and study of biological systems.
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