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Atmospheric aerosol: physical-chemical characterisation and source apportionment
Leoni, Cecilia ; Hovorka, Jan (advisor) ; Ždímal, Vladimír (referee) ; Lammel, Gerhard (referee)
Atmospheric aerosol is a ubiquitous component of the Earth atmosphere. By mass, aerosol natural sources override anthropogenic ones, the latter constituting less than 5% to the total aerosol loading (Jaenicke, 2008). Nevertheless, in urban environment the contribution can increase to 80-90%. Since anthropogenic sources are mostly associated with high temperature processes, urban aerosol number size distribution is usually dominated by ultrafine particles - UFPs (d<100 nm). The UFPs have the highest surface/mass ratios among aerosol particles and bond the highest pollutant loading as per particle mass. Additionally, the UFPs exhibit the highest deposition efficiency in deep region of the human respiratory tract. Therefore, this study focuses to urban aerosol particle spatial-temporal, physical and chemical characterization and source apportionment with special emphasis to the UFPs. The first study in residential district of Ostrava-Radvanice and Bartovice, an air pollution hot spot in Europe, identified industry being dominant sources of UFPs. High particle number concentrations (NC) were measured at the hot spot, with peaks up to 1.4x105 particles cm-3 during plume events, i.e. downwind an industrial facility. The plume-originating UFPs were mostly composed of 19−44 nm nanoparticles heavily...
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