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The role of a nurse in preventing CAN syndrome
KADEŘÁVKOVÁ, Adéla
Abstract Current State: CAN (Child Abuse and Neglect) Syndrome is defined as physical and mental abuse, sexual abuse and neglect of a child. CAN syndrome is the result of an intentional activity of parents or other adults towards a child, the most extreme form of which is killing the child. The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the trends of CAN syndrome occurences in the Czech Republic within the observed period of 2008-2018, to describe nursing care for children suffering from the CAN syndrome, and to evaluate the role of nurses within the area of preventing this syndrome. Methodology: A combination of a qualitative and quantitative research strategy was chosen for the empiric part of the thesis. To collect data for the quantitative research the method of secondary analysis of MLSA documentation from the period of 2008-2018 was chosen. 79 340 cases of maltreated children were analysed. To collect data for the qualitative research, the method of semi-structured interviews was used. The research file consisted of nurses working at a paediatric clinic at a chosen hospital in Prague (10 nurses) and nurses working at practitioners´ offices for children and adolescents (5 nurses). The size of the research file was given by theoretical data saturation. Results: In the period of 2008-2018, 79 340 abused and neglected children were reported to the MLSA. The most frequent form of CAN Syndrome was neglect (65.8 %). 12.6 % children suffering from CAN Syndrome were mentally abused, 12% were sexually abused, and 9.6 % children were physically abused. Proportion of boys and girls was relatively balanced (48 % boys, and 52 % girls). The most numerous group of abused children according to their age were children aged 6-15 (56%). Statistical testing has proved the hypothesis that in the period of 2008-2018, there was a statistically significant growth in the number of children with the CAN Syndrome diagnosis (p<0,001). Addressed nurses came into contact with this syndrome within their practice, they were well educated within the area of symptoms, differentiation between individual forms of CAN, diagnosis, and risk factors leading to the CAN Syndrome. Nurses in both, primary as well as inpatient care play a significant role in preventing the CAN Syndrome. Nevertheless, as the interviews have proven, they do not educate all of the parents about this syndrome, they only do so in risk groups of parents and children. Conclusion and Recommendations for Praxis: The quantitative study that evaluated the statistical data coming from MLSA, has confirmed a significant growth the number of children suffering from the CAN Syndrome for the last ten years. Due to this fact, it is necessary to put greater emphasis on the CAN Syndrome prevention. Based on the results of the study and general recommendations, further recommendations for the management of nursing care have been designed, dealing specifically with the issues of prevention and nursing care after children suffering from the CAN Syndrome.
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