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Occupational Therapy Practice Guidelines Proposal for Children Aged 3-18 with Developmental Coordination Disorder
Homolková, Simona ; Dvořáková, Petra (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee)
Thesis abstract Name, Surname: Bc. Simona Homolková Supervisor: Mgr. Petra Dvořáková Thesis Title: Occupational Therapy Practise Guidelines Proposal in Children aged 3-18 years with Developmental Coordination Disorder Abstract: Developmental Coordination Disorder (DCD) is a neurodevelopmental condition with a prevalence of 6 % among children in the population. The cause of this condition is unknown, but there are known risk factors, such as very low birth weight or maternal exposure to drugs and alcohol during pregnancy. Symptoms include coordination difficulties, impaired motor learning and planning, executive function challenges, and overall mental health vulnerabilities. Each child exhibits different manifestations, and comprehensive care is required, provided by an interprofessional team, which includes occupational therapists. Occupational therapists should base their practice on high-quality care standards. Just like in medicine, there are currently global trends in occupational therapy towards developing Clinical Practice Guidelines (CPG), which are still lacking, especially in the field of occupational therapy. CPGs primarily serve to improve and standardize care. The main goal of this work is to create a proposal for clinical practice guidelines in occupational therapy for developmental...
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Occupational Therapy practice guidelines in children with perinatal brachial plexus palsy.
Jurečková, Michala ; Dvořáková, Petra (advisor) ; Jelínková, Jana (referee)
Title: Occupational therapy practice guidelines in children with perinatal brachial plexus palsy Abstract: Neonatal brachial plexus palsy is a palsy of the upper limb caused by traction of the brachial plexus during birth. It affects about 1.5 cases per 1000 live births and requires complex treatment. The clinical picture depends on the severity of the nerve damage and the part of the plexus that is affected. An unified framework for the treatment and management of paresis improves communication and clinical decision making for further rehabilitation. Currently there is an absence of clinical guidelines on pediatric issues and to ensure the highest quality of care, there is a need to develop them and find the best solutions to the problem. Clinical guidelines improve the quality of healthcare and reduce the variety of procedures and methods in clinical practice. The aim of this thesis is to develop a scheme for a clinical guidelines for diagnosis and intervention in children with neonatal brachial plexus palsy from birth to 7 years of age. A sub-objective is to review diagnostic tools and occupational therapy methods or procedures that appear in studies dealing with brachial plexus paresis and that can be used in occupational therapy practice. The thesis presents the issues of perinatal brachial plexus...
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The experience of the Vietnamese community with nursing care in the Czech Republic
Dvořáková, Petra ; Kutnohorská, Jana (advisor) ; Freibauerová, Sarah (referee)
Name and surname of the author: Petra Dvořáková Institution: Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové, epartment od Non-mediacal Studies Title: The experience of the Vietnamese community with nursing care in the Czech republic Supervisor: doc. PhDr. Jana Kutnohorská, CSc. Number of pages: 83 Year of defense: 2023 Keywords: health, Vietnam, tradition, cuisine, communication The bachelor thesis is focused on the experience of the Vietnamese community with nursing care in the Czech Republic. In the theoretical part there is a brief history of Vietnam, which is loosely followed by basic information about Vietnam. Furthermore, an introduction to traditions, customs, culture or religion. The Vietnamese are a very religious nation that prides itself on traditions, for this reason it was necessary to present the country in a more comprehensive way, as these traditions are also reflected in nursing. The thesis further discusses Vietnamese healthcare as such and the theoretical part concludes with a chapter dealing with the Vietnamese community living in the Czech Republic. The empirical part of the thesis presents research that was conducted with Vietnamese living in the Czech Republic and during which they were asked questions. On the basis of the answers of these respondents we...
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View of doctors on current nurses practise
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Petra
In this bachelor's thesis we will deal with key aspects of the work of a nurse from the point of view of medical staff and we will also investigate the opinions of physicians on the current system of Czech nursing education. The present time has high requirements on nurses, especially on the work of a nurse and higher education. Today is very often said that nurses should be equal partners with physicians in the care of patients and take a respected position in a multidisciplinary team. The work is divided into theoretical and empirical. In the theoretical part of the bachelor's thesis we will deal with the history of nursing, current nursing and we will also focus on the doctor nurse relationship. In the empirical part of the work we will examine the view of physicians on the issue of education and work of a nurse. For processing of the empirical part was chosen qualitative research together with the method of semi structured interview. The research group consists of 8 medical staff from various clinical fields. Based on the interviews, the results were divided into 2 large categories and 8 subcategories. Gained results showed that physicians perceive current education as complicated and too long, preferring to devise a better system that would precisely define and adjust questions of increasing competencies and the related education of nurses and length of study. Furthermore, doctors stated that university studies bring benefits in the form of obtaining a university degree and higher prestige of the profession. Physicians consider the work of a nurse to be essential and have the opinion that the nurse is an indispensable part of well provided care for patients. We also found out that the most common reasons that affect the emergence of a conflict situation between the nurse and the doctor are stress, overwork, mutual disrespect associated with inappropriate behavior and violation of the competencies of both parties. Based on the statements, we can also state that doctors consider the nurse as their partner in the field of professional patient care and they do not have problem with accepting proposals or recommendations from nurses.
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Occupational Therapy Screening of Sensory Processing in Children with Perinatal Load in Preschool Age
Zdeňková, Veronika ; Dvořáková, Petra (advisor) ; Kuželková, Anna (referee)
OF DIPLOMA THESIS Author: Bc. Veronika Zdeňková Supervisor: Mgr. Petra Dvořáková Advisor: Mgr. Eliška Haškovcová Title: Occupational Therapy Screening of Sensory Processing in Children with Perinatal Load in Preschool Age Abstract: Sensory Processing Disorders (SPD) have their origin in altered function of central nervous system. Children with SPD have difficulty to process sensory information and act in a proper way. Sensory Processing Disorders permeate all areas of an individual's perception and behaviour and have a significant impact on the quality of life of the child and his/her family. Children born prematurely are reported to be at higher risk of developing some form of SPD. This thesis focuses on the association between SPD and perinatal load. It is focused on the difficulties faced by children with SPD and their impact on further development, particularly in the preschool age. The theoretical part provides an thorough overview of the issues mentioned above. The practical part focuses on the design of an examination protocol to capture SPD in children with perinatal load in preschool age. The use of the proposed examination protocol is tested in six concrete patients with perinatal load. The results are then interpreted in the form of reduced case studies, which are primarily aimed at...
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HPLC Determination of Lutein, Zeaxanthine and Betacarotene in Dietary Products
Dvořáková, Petra ; Šatínský, Dalibor (advisor) ; Chocholoušová Havlíková, Lucie (referee)
This rigorous thesis deals with modification of method for separation carotenoids lutein, betacarotene and zeaxanthin borrowed from diploma thesis (Optimization of chromatographic conditions for HPLC determination of chosen carotenoids, Petra Dvořáková, 2009). HPLC with VIS detection is the basic method. This method was modified by gradient elution for compressed time of analysis. Four ways of gradient elution were tested during optimization of new procedure. The second aim of this rigorous thesis is summary of extraction ways for carotenoids published in special literature and proposition of extraction procedures for carotenoids from dietary products. Extraction with organic solvents was used during searching for optimal way for extraction. Simple extraction with organic solvent was tested as basic method, but extraction with previous modification of sample (saponification or acidification of extraction medium) was tested too. In spite of testing of many various ways for extraction and many various organic solvents, there wasn't find optimal and universal extraction way.
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Effect of kinesiotaping on shoulder girdle muscle activity
Dvořáková, Petra ; Valouchová, Petra (advisor) ; Bitnar, Petr (referee)
Kinesiotaping is a new method used for an extremely wide range of clinical conditions. Kinesiotaping is established in sport for treatment and prevention of injury and offers therapists a new treatment possibility of muskuloskeletal injuries and disorders. There are used elastic permeable and water-resistant adhesive tapes of different colours. Elasticity of the tape maintains the patient's full mobility. This is the decisive advantage compared with the previous treatment taping methods. The mechanism of kinesiotaping is based on two main effects. The kinesiotape stimulate the skin receptors and increase interstitial space between the skin and the underlying connective tissues. Therefore it improves the circulation of both venous and lymphatic fluid and decrease pressure on mechanical nociceptors. It is surprising that even though the kinesiotaping is being very often used, there is lack of evidence demonstrating its effectiveness. The aim of the thesis is therefore to summarize all general information about the kinesiotaping and compare them with published results. The special chapter is devoted to the kinesiotaping of the shoulder girdle, which is supplemented by a practical section about the muscle activity effect of the kinesiotaping of the shoulder girdle measured by surface electromyography.
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Adhesive Properties of Branched Oligoesters Plasticized with Triethyl Citrate and Drug Release from These Carriers
Dvořáková, Petra ; Šnejdrová, Eva (advisor) ; Mužíková, Jitka (referee)
CHARLES UNIVERSITY IN PRAGUE FACULTY OF PHARMACY IN HRADEC KRÁLOVÉ Department of Pharmaceutical Technology Rigorous Thesis Adhesive properties of branched oligoesters plasticized with triethyl citrate and drug release from these carriers Mgr. Petra Dvořáková SUMMARY The aim of this thesis was the study of adhesive properties of branched terpolymers of D,L-lactic acid, glycolic acid and dipentaerythritol, and release of fluconazole and aciclovir from these carriers. All tested carriers were plasticized with 30% of triethyl citrate (TEC). In the theoretical part of this thesis mechanisms of bioadhesion, biological substrates, polymers used in drug delivery systems and mechanisms of drug release are described. In the experimental part adhesivity of plasticized oligoesters was measured. Hydrated mucin isolated from porcine stomach was used as a model substrate for bioadhesion. The rate of adhesivity is the maximal force Fmax [N], which is required for the detachment of tested samples from the substrate. This force was related to the size of the contact surface and expressed in units mN/mm2 . The highest adhesivity was measured in oligoesters labelled 5D and 8D, which had low dynamic viscosity. However, it is impossible to state linear relationship between adhesivity and dynamic viscosity. The release of...
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Healthy lifestyles in pre-school and primary education and their application in educational practice
Dvořáková, Petra ; Čevela, Rostislav (advisor) ; Hanušová, Jaroslava (referee)
The nutritional status is significantly influenced by changes in eating habits of entire families. The baby is not born obese, but becomes it in the course of its development, due to heredity, family educational activities, psychosocial and cultural conditions of the society in which he or she lives. Everyday improper habits of adults are also transferred into the lives of children and violations of the principles of healthy eating, lack of physical activity, lack of rest and relaxation, stress and many other factors of present is involved in the onset of many diseases and complications of health. Base on fact that there are no standardised textbooks for teaching subjects Health Education and healthy lifestyle, while neither the directive which would lead teachers in pre-school education to systematic education of children in this area, I deal in my work with the question, which are the options to learn on healthy lifestyle and how get quality information teachers themselves. Futhermore I address the issue of overweight and obesity of children in terms of health literacy, strategy of selected primary schools and kindergartens on the question of exercise and diet and appropriate / inappropriate eating habits of children. The first part focuses on the implementation of programs in the field of...
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