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Health Risk Assessment of Selected Factors of Working Environment and Occupational Health Services in the Field of Recycling and Processing of Secondary Raw Materials and Waste
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Sára
This thesis deals with the evaluation of health risks of chosen factors in the work environment and medical services in the recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing field. The goal of the thesis is to chart companies which handle recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing in the South Bohemian Region, to find out the risk factors that go in hand with this work and to determine in which work category these workers belong. I have determined three hypotheses within the research. Hypothesis 1: The nature of the work activities does not correspond with suggested risks. Hypothesis 2: The workers are not equipped with tools in accordance with detected risks. Hypothesis 3: The workers of companies dealing with recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing do not attend the necessary medical check-ups. The thesis consists of a theoretical and a practical part. In the theoretical part I have introduced the risk factors connected to recycling and secondary raw materials and waste processing. I have covered the problematics of medical services for the employees, occupational disease and the protection of health from unfavorable effects of the work environment. To reach my goal, I have utilized quantitative research methods. For data collecting I have used anonymous surveys in the area of the South Bohemian Region. In the survey, I have adressed scrapyards, composting plants, collection yards and waste dumps. The collected data were processed by the Microsoft Excel program. The obtained data may be used as an information source for students as well as for employers and employees in companies handling secondary raw materials and waste processing.
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Attitude of Society to Physical Activities in the Context of the Historical Development
DVOŘÁKOVÁ, Sára
Physical inactivity is one of the main problems of the 21th century. Low level of activity of the population is closely related to many lifestyle diseases. That is the reason why it is very important to find out which historical changes have led to today's low physical activity level. In this bachelor thesis I deal with the attitude of today's society towards physical activities in the context of historical development. I set three goals. The first one is to chart retrospectively the evolution of physical activities in the society. The second goal is to find out if in the past people were more active than nowadays. The last objective is focused on the description of historical changes which might have led to nowadays low physical activity level. This bachelor thesis is only theoretical. The beginning of this thesis is focused on the explanation of the basic terms associated with physical activity. The following chapter discusses the physical activity itself. The next parts of the thesis are focused on different periods of human history. The first historical period that I deal with is Prehistory. In the prehistoric times, physical activity was associated with survival. Physical fitness determined whether the prehistoric man obtains food, is victorious in battles, or is able to resist various types of danger. Because of these reasons, the attitude of the society towards physical activities was mainly practical, but at this time first sports also started to develop. The following part of this thesis focuses on the physical activities in slave countries. Physical activities like archery, wrestling, or infighting were permitted only within certain higher classes. A variety of treatment systems were developed in some Asian countries. The thesis deals with movement activities in ancient Greece as well. In this chapter, the emphasis is on the creation of the Olympic Games, the ideal of kalokagathia and physical education in Sparta and Athens. The next era included in this thesis is the Middle Ages. In this chapter is a description of the differences between the physical activities in the countryside and the city. Physical activities of the aristocracy are included as well. The Modern Times part of this thesis is mainly focused on the development of the physical education and its inclusion in the school curriculum systems. The fundamental change in this period that affected the attitude toward physical activities was the industrial revolution and the related migration of people from rural to urban areas. As a result of this change, the new era of sedentary lifestyle began and that's causing us a lot of problems now. Modern Times brought a big change to the whole attitude towards physical activity. Nowadays, physical activity is seen as one of the forms of recreation. The last part of this thesis is focused on the 20th century. This chapter discusses mainly the problem of the lack of physical activity. In the end, the changes that led to today's low physical activity level are summarized. I used professional literature and internet sources to study the problem. In conclusion, I evaluated all of the information collected within my research. From them is clear that the attitude towards physical activities has changed dramatically since Prehistory. From my literature research is also following that the problem with inactivity and the health issues linked to inactivity started being a problem at the 2nd half of 20th century. Due to a big importance of physical activity and its ability to prevent many diseases I would suggest to increase the physical activity level more in a free time activities. I think that this thesis pointing out one of the main problems of today's society and I think that this work could serve as a source of information for the public.
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