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National Repository of Grey Literature 1 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
The influence of the host-plant phenotype on development of phytophagous insect.
 Židlická, Dana ; Kadlec, Tomáš (advisor) ; Douda, Jan (referee)
Temperature and other climatic variables, such as the amount of rainfall, are the main abiotic factors affecting the level of herbivory and plant´s properties. Following a change in these factors, the rate of herbivory and the level of plant defence against them alter as well. This bachelor´s thesis examines how a population of a host plant, the red fescue (Festuca rubra), affects the development of the small heath butterfly (Coenonympha pamphilus). The fescues came from four different locations in Norway with varying local climates. Young caterpillars (first instar) of the small heath butterfly were placed upon the fescues. They are typical generalist herbivores (the caterpillars consume common grass species). 5 or 6 caterpillars had been placed on each plant which were then isolated from the outside environment with a dense monofil. Subsequently, the fescues were moved to an outside bed until the caterpillars created a chrysalis. The survival rate of the caterpillars on each individual fescue was calculated as a ratio of all the caterpillars surviving up to the last instar to the original amount of planted caterpillars. The caterpillars´ survival rate was better with the fescues originating from a higher altitude (lower average temperatures) and worse with those from lower altitudes (higher average temperatures). This makes it safe to assume that lower altitude plants have adapted better for defence against herbivory. The females overall weighted more than their male counterparts. There was a difference in weight between the populations but the significance of this should be taken with a grain of salt since the number of measured adults was low. The results of this thesis follow the general assumption of the fact that the level of herbivory changes with altitude; with greater heights it decreases
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