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Improvement of risk adjustment for health insurance companies in the Czech Republic - compensation of costs of patients with renal failure
Škodová, Magdalena ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Bryndová, Lucie (referee)
Risk adjustment models are used to predict health care costs of insurees and represent an important part of mechanisms for redistribution of funds among insurance companies. In the Czech Republic, pharmacy-based cost groups (PCGs) were introduced into the risk adjustment model in 2018, reflecting the costs of chronic diseases in addition to age and gender. The thesis reviews the model for the most expensive chronic disease - renal failure. Using the sample of General Health Insurance fund (GHI) insurees reported with typical health care consumption for kidney disease in years 2015-2018, we tested the current model and subsequently modified the classification criteria for PCG "renal failure". The classification based on the number of dialysis procedures proved to be much better indicator of costs than the currently used consumption of typical drugs. The incorporation of dialysis-based approach into the PCG model improved the explained variation from 26 % to 49 %, and the predictive power increased substantially. The study suggests improvements of the Czech risk adjustment model and proposes a fairer fund redistribution among insurance companies, while no additional data collection is needed.
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Analysis of costs of patients with diabetes 2 in the Czech statutory health insurance system
Škodová, Magdalena ; Hroboň, Pavel (advisor) ; Bryndová, Lucie (referee)
This thesis examines costs of type 2 diabetes for health insurance companies and occurrence of this disease in Czech Republic. Diabetes mellitus is a serious chronical disease, the prevalence and treatment costs of which have raised over last few years all over the world, while capturing a large part of expenditures of health systems. The aim of this study is to introduce particular methods that may be used to identify individuals with diabetes from available datasets and subsenquently analyze the expenses from the view of Czech health insurance companies. Studies published to date does not seem to be relevant anymore or they examine a small sample of patients. The thesis should provide accurate and actual information since it uses datasets from 2015 provided by health insurance companies and data containing individual costs of policyholders. In order to identify diabetics two approaches are used - diagnosis and various quantities of drug consumption of typical pharmaceuticals. The study implies that the costs of the treatment of diabetes fall between 19 and 44 billion CZK annualy depending on applied method. The analysis also suggests that the average costs are rising along with higher age of diabetic and these costs are more than 2-fold higher when compared to common population. In reaction to...
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Shares as securities
Škodová, Magdalena ; Patěk, Daniel (advisor) ; Eichlerová, Kateřina (referee)
This Master's degree thesis focuses on shares from in the context of provision of stock law in the context of provision on securities or book-entry securities under civil law. In the first part the quality of connection of the right and the list is analyzed including situations when the shareholder's right can exist independently of the security list. Also the definition of securities is reviewed which apply to shares only with certain reservation described here. The functions and the most important features of shares, such as the substitutability and tradability of shares on a regulated market, are also discussed. The thesis further reflects the fact that the share can also be issued as a book-entry security, the regulation of which has been separated from the category of securities and therefore forms a separate category. The last alternative is the share in the form of an immobilized security whose character is based on the adjustment of the securities as the share's list is preserved, as well as the book-entry securities through registration in the register. The second part analyzes registered shares and bearer shares. These forms of shares are distinguished by their requisites, but also by the extent of the limitations that are set out in these forms. Above all, it is a ban on bearer shares in...
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