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Microclimatic conditions as determinant of Vaccinium myrtillus pollination
Veljačiková, Hana ; Janovský, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Červenková, Zita (referee)
Climate change affects phenology and distribution of plants and animals and causes a mismatch in plant-pollinator interactions. These changes are clearly manifested in extreme environments such as mountains or the beginning of the growing season. Vaccinium myrtillus is an important temperate and boreal species, inhabiting and often dominating such environments where changes due to global warming are already appearing. Flowers start to appear in April and May at the very beginning of the growing season. Without pollination, flower will almost never form a fruit. When comparing fruit set, it is possible to observe whether the flower has been pollinated and thus the quality of pollination in given conditions. Using experiments on the mountain heath in the Brdy Protected Land Area, I found out how the quality of pollination differs in different microclimatic conditions. I compared fruit set of chosen flowers and seed set in their fruits. Flowers blooming at the end of the flowering season had the greatest success in fruit formation, when I recorded a greater number of pollinators in the experimental environment. V. myrtillus bloomed more intensively at the beginning of the flowering season. Even so, fewer fruits were produced from flowers at that time. Bumblebees abundance was correlated to fruit and...
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Effect of plant-animal interactions on individual performance and population dynamics of Scorzonera hispanica
Červenková, Zita ; Münzbergová, Zuzana (advisor) ; Matthies, Diethart (referee) ; Jersáková, Jana (referee)
The population dynamics of plants with regard to plant-animal interactions is a remarkably complex topic. To look into how individual life stages are influenced in different directions by various animals is beyond the scope of a single paper. For each of the studies described below, I and my co-authors attempted to collect data that would cover as much of the plant life cycle as possible, focusing on interactions between plants and different animals during the flowering period and their consequences for the overall dynamics of the species Scorzonera hispanica at the local and landscape scale. Putting all the studies together allowed me to gain a better picture of the network of relationships between plant properties, animal activity and their effects on overall plant performance. In Study 1, we focus on factors influencing germination, early growth and survival. The results show better performance in seedlings from larger seeds and from larger populations. Seed weight affected the germination rate, seedling growth within the first two months and seedling survival. Mother plant traits did not affect any of the variables studied, even though the performance of seedlings from individual mother plants did differ. Because the seed mass was the most important factor affecting germination and seedling...
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