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Vliv herbicidu s-metolachloru na raná vývojová stádia raka mramorovaného
MATERNA, Jan
S-metolachlor is a substance belonging to the group of herbicides, widely used in agriculture to protect crops. This substance with the chemical composition C15H22CINO2 and is used as the pre-emergent herbicides to control unwanted weeds. The aim of this work was to evaluate the influence of s-metolachlor on mortality, behavior, growth, ontogenetic development, oxidative stress level and activity of antioxidant enzymes of early developmental stages of marbled crayfish (Procambarus fallax f. virginalis). The effect of s-metolachlor was evaluated on the basis of embryo-larval toxicity test. Early developmental stages of crayfish were exposed to three concentrations of s-metolachlor, 1.1 micrograms/l, 11 micrograms/l and 110 micrograms/l for 45 days. All tested concentrations significant showed higher mortality, delay of ontogenetic development, lower growth and changes in behavior (total movement distance and movement speed). Moreover, significant decrease in catalase, glutathione-s-transferase, superoxide dismutase concentration, and reduced glutathione levels at the two higher test concentrations (11 micrograms/l and 110 micrograms/l) of s-metolachlor were observed. No significant changes in oxidative damage (TBARS levels) were observed in all the tested groups. Based on the results of this study, early developmental stages of marbled crayfish can be recommended as suitable organisms for toxicity test and their use for biomonitoring of the aquatic environment by herbicides.
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