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Epigenetic inheritance influencing the behavior of future generations and its reversibility during ontogenesis
Freisingerová, Kateřina ; Landová, Eva (advisor) ; Švorcová, Jana (referee)
The aim of this work is to focus on possible mechanisms of transmission of changes that are conditioned by epigenetic modifications that could affect specific behaviour and phenotype in offspring. The inheritance can be channeled through both maternal and paternal lineages. It can be divided into two distinct groups of transmission, namely intragenerational and transgenerational. This work mainly focuses on the possible mechanisms of transgenerational inheritance. Epigenetic mechanisms leading to changes in the phenotype of an organism rely on influencing the regulation of DNA reading. This occurs at several levels such as DNA methylation, chemical modifications such as acetylation and other post-translational modifications, and most importantly non-coding RNA molecules. Today, countless studies are trying to explain these molecular processes mediated by environmental influences. Well known are maternal care, chemicals, or traumatic experiences. There are examples of traumatic environmental influences in which physiological changes in HPA axis regulation can be observed with consequent changes in the expression of genes for depressive and anxiety phenotypes. Most of the experiments focusing on epigenetic transmission are predominantly conducted in mouse or rat models. However, there are also...
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Dementia seniros
Hvězdová, Kristýna ; Marková, Eva (advisor) ; Marsová, Jana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis deals with dementia. It describes kinds of dementia with their manifestations and changes of behaviour, depressive and anxiety conditions, which happends during this age period, too. Needs of such ill people and the principles of communication and work with them. The main objektive is to determine the needs and nursing interventions during disease progression in patient. In the practical part is to develop a case study of patient diagnosed with Alzheimer's disease with late onset. The research was carried out in a retirement home and a survey was conducted from March 2013 to October 2014. The technique of data collection was based on interwieves and tests of congnitive ability (MMSE) with measured points 17 and 0. The results of the research showed that the patient experienced mild cognitive impairment has been able to aktive, dignified and fulfilled life, Of course there was the fulfillment of daily needs alone. As the disease progresses, a year and a half later, they have to be these basic needs for self-care performed by another person. The differences were apparent in the food and fluid intake, excretion, movement and communication. Alzheimer's disease is currently incurable disease. Proper care, communications and sufficient emphaty can provide longer quality and...
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