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The influence of management on biodiversity of vertebrates model groups - small mammals
KOUTNÍKOVÁ, Lenka
This bachelor{\crq}s work: The influence of management on biodiversity of vertebrates model groups {--} small mammals, creates a part of a large study focused on an assessment of influence of different agricultural management on ecological functions and water fluxes in the landscape of spring water areas in Bohemian forest. The bachelor{\crq}s work is based on a hypothesis that management influences among others also biodiversity of the locality. Small terrestrial mammals are one of the vertebrate groups, which diversity is a good indicator for momentary quality of environment. It is given by their good reproduction capacity and ability of invasion. The aim of this work is to compare the small mammals{\crq} biodiversity of three small catchments with different management. The theoretical part contains literary review of the small mammals{\crq} occurrence in Bohemian forest, their microhabitat preferences and the influence of management on their communities diversity. In the practical part, data from three live-trappings realized during the summer and autumn 2007 were evaluated. The greatest diversity and abundance of small mammals were recorded in the forested catchment of Bukový potok. By contrast, we captured no individual of small mammal in the drained Mlýnský potok catchment, which is used as a pasture. The theme was supported by a project MSM 6007665806.
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Vegetation of old fields and its dynamics in relation to changes of arable land in Czech Banat (Romania)
Veselý, Adam ; Kovář, Pavel (advisor) ; Vojta, Jaroslav (referee)
- 4 - Abstract Recent abandonment of arable land close to the Czech villages originated in Romanian area called Banat during 19th century implies new variety of habitats representing old fields of different age. We can observe succesional stages of vegetation variable in plant diversity, in some cases significantly high with a number of plant species valuable from the viewpoint of nature protection. Some of these species were known as common in Czechlands as well, but nowadays are strongly endangered or completely extinct. Among others, the number of pieces of cattle in Banat has been reduced. This is the reason why traditional pastures have been grazed less intensively, especially those situated in hardly available localities (e.g. karst valleys and slopes) and often shared with neighborhood villages (including Romanian ones). The abandonment of arable fields thus facilitates the landuse by the way of more productive pastures with better availability from the villages. Next steps of secondary succession and the lost of traditional cycle of the land cultivation sparse shrubs are becoming an important part of the old field vegetation structure, which moreover have a strong influence on the potential restoration of forest ecosystems. The main aim of this thesis is to asses the process on the abandoning of...
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The influence of management on biodiversity of vertebrates model groups {--} small mammals.
KOUTNÍKOVÁ, Lenka
This thesis creates a part of more extensive scientific study, which evaluates effects of different agricultural management on ecological functions and on landscapes´s water regime in source water areas of Bohemian Forest. A one of examined characteristic of catchment is biodiversity of plant and animal communities. The aim of my thesis is a comparsion of diversity of small terrestrial mammals in three catchments with similar nature conditions, but different management. Small terrestrial mammals is a group of vertebrates often used for study of enviromental state, because of their high reprodctive potential, good invasive ability and ability to indicate the changes in environmental quality. The master thesis is a follow-up to a previous bachelor thesis and extends it significantly. A teoretical part involves literary review of small mammals´s occurrence in Bohemian Forest, their micro-habitat preferences and the effect of management on the biodiversity of their communities. Practical part of the thesis contains evaluation of the results of capture-mark-release trapping, which took place from June to September of the years 2007 and 2009. In those two years 52 individuals were captured. From this amount, 7 individuals were captured twice. Captured small mammals were included into 5 species, whose occurrence in studied localities was expected. There were yellow-necked mouse (Apodemus flavicollis - 22 individuals), field vole (Microtus agrestis - 6 individuals), common vole (Mircotus arvalis - 10 individuals), bank vole (Clethrionomys glareolus {--} 2 individuals) and common shrew (Sorex araneus - 5 individuals). In the Bukový potok catchment 20 individuals were captured in 2007 and only 2 individuals in 2009. They belong to species: Apodemus flavicollis, Clethrionomys glareolus and Sorex araneus. In catchment of Mlýnský potok no individual was captured in 2007 and 10 individuals of only one species (Mircotus arvalis) were captured in 2009. In Horský potok catchment 5 individuals were captured in 2007 and 8 individuals in 2009. Three species were found: Apodemus flavicollis, Microtus agrestis, Clethrionomys glareolus a Sorex araneus. The largest positive change of abundance between 2007 and 2009 was found in the Mlýnský potok catchment. The largest fall of abundanace was in the catchment of Bukový potok. Only in catchment of Horský potok the relatively stable abundance was noticed. The thesis was supported by projects: MSM 6007665806, NAZV-QH82106 a NPV2-2B08006.
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