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The specifics of nursing care in a child with a middle ear inflammation
KANDĚROVÁ, Marie
Current situation: Besides the issues of nursing care and areas that are directly associated with the inflammation of the middle ear, the research deals with these areas - diagnostic procedures, aetiology, treatment and prevention. Medial ear inflammation usually develops from the respiratory system inflammation. The inflammation of the middle ear has several complications that can interfere with the healthy development of the baby, among those complications are hearing disorders and speech disorders. Objective of the thesis: The aim of the thesis was to describe the specifics of nursing care of a child suffering from the medial ear inflammation and to evaluate the knowledge of nurses regarding the problem of this disease. Methodology and research sample: A qualitative research was selected for the research, achieved by the technique of non-standardized interviews with a total of eight nurses working at a paediatrician's, in the specialized ENT surgery and at a children's ward in the hospital. The selection of a nursing sample was deliberate. Open coding technique "pencil and paper" carried out the analysis of the data obtained. The results were then interpreted by the technique "cards explanation". Results: Among the specifics of nursing care for children with the middle ear inflammation are: maintaining the cleanliness of the ear canal and airways including the nose. Observing the overall condition of the child, monitoring the secretion from the auditory duct. The ability to assist during the diagnostic therapeutic and curative process and also the interventions in nursing diagnoses, acute pain (00132), ineffective airway passage (00031), hyperthermia (00007), or risk of infection (00004). Nurses from children's ward are well informed in all areas concerning the middle ear inflammation (characteristics of the disease, pathogenesis, treatment, prevention and general nursing care). According to the nurses's statements, it is obvious that the premature intervention of the nursing activities in the primary preventive care includes the early identification of the primary symptoms of middle ear inflammation in children with this health problems and to educate the parents about the prevention of this disease. Nurses working along with specialists have logically demonstrated good knowledge of specific healing practices such as the application of the drug to the ear canal or paracenthesis. Nurses in nursing homes focus on planning and implementing comprehensive nursing care for a child with this disease. Conclusions and recommendations for practice: The nurses, who were questioned, have proved good knowledge of nursing care for children with the middle ear inflammation. An integral part of their competencies is the education and involvement of parents in the treatment and prevention of children's middle ear inflammation. Part of the thesis is a suggestion for recommendations concerning the early recognition of the first symptoms of the middle ear inflammation in children and the prevention of their recurrence.
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The nursing process for children with ear disease
VONDRÁKOVÁ, Zuzana
Ear diseases in childhood are relatively frequent. Of these, the most affecting and threatening the children in infant, toddler and preschool age is an infection of the middle ear. Despite the increasing quality of healthcare and development of vaccines that contribute to a reduction of the number of children diagnosed with acute otitis media, occurrences of these inflammations are still frequent. Inflammation of the ear is accompanied by a number of unpleasant symptoms and as well as other diseases it requires specific treatment and care. Going through an inflammation of the middle ear is for the child an unpleasant and often very painful experience. This disease also brings its own risks in terms of complications. Although its course is mostly without complications and treatment is directed by a pediatrician, we are dealing with cases where it is necessary to hospitalize a child patient. This work in its theoretical part refers to the types of otitis media, prevention, risk factors and complications. It describes the diagnosis, treatment and care for a child with otitis media. It also deals with the awareness of parents, points to a nursing problems associated with inflammation of the middle ear and the specifics of child care. In the empirical part of this thesis, two objectives were set. The first objective was to map the state of awareness of parents about the risk factors and preventive measures to prevent otitis media. The second objective was to determine the incidence of the most common problems in nursing care for children with otitis media. Four research questions were set for these objectives and it was: How are parents being educated regarding risk factors that can lead to ear disease of children? How are parents being informed about preventive measures to prevent ear disease in children? How parents perceive education on inflammatory diseases of ears? What are the most common problems in nursing care for a child with inflammatory diseases of the ears? For the processing of the empirical part of the research it was chosen quantitative research. The survey was carried out using the methods of data collection through semi-structured interviews. It was designed for two nurses working in GP for children and adolescents and four nurses working in the pediatric department. Another research group consisted of parents of children. Half of them had experience with caring for their own child who has undergone at least one ear infection. Respondents were before the start of the interview informed about the reason and purpose of the research. Interviews were held up with the express consent of each respondent addressed. Interviews were carried out on a pre-arranged location in the period March-May 2014. They were recorded using a voice recording and a written record. After that, the interviews were transcribed and processed into categories and subcategories. This gave rise to four categories: Awareness of Parents, Education of Parents, Knowledge of Parents and Inflammation of the Middle Ear.
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