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The quality of nursing care in aseptic treatment of operative wounds
KARŠULÍNOVÁ, Pavla
The present diploma thesis deals with the quality of nursing care in aseptic treatment of surgical wounds. High quality nursing care is desired in order to satisfy patients' needs. Equally high level of quality is required from the healthcare organizations where patients are treated. The diploma thesis is divided into two sections: a theoretical section and an empirical section. The theoretical section focuses on surgical wound, its healing, aseptic care, complications of wound healing, nosocomial infections, quality of nursing care, nursing care indicators, and quality of health care from the patient's point of view. The empirical section's aim is to evaluate the quality of nursing care in selected surgical departments. The thesis aims to answer two research questions: 1) How do nurses employ the aseptic technique when changing a surgical wound's dressing? 2) Nurses must enhance their expertise in surgical wound care. How do head nurses at selected surgical wards secure the aforementioned training? A qualitative research survey was used to process the empirical part of the thesis. Semi-structured interviews with ward managers and head nurses were conducted for data collection. The nurses answered 20 questions each. During the interview, valuable answers were provided by 17 nurses. The results indicate high quality of nursing care in aseptic treatment of surgical wounds, as nurses employ modern trends and techniques in surgical wound care; the high quality of nursing care is reflected in the minimally occurring complications that affect surgical wounds. Aseptic approach is a priority for the nurses working in the wards where the research was conducted. Nurses follow standardized procedures for aseptic dressing of surgical wounds. The head nurses and ward managers consider education of nurses in the issue of aseptic treatment of surgical wounds to be of the utmost importance, and they supervise or arrange education in aseptic care of surgical wounds for nurses on a regular basis. The information obtained in the research can serve as a basis for seminars on aseptic treatment of surgical wounds.
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Wound care in context of the nursing process
NĚMEČKOVÁ, Jana
Wound dressing is a part of patient care not only in the departments specialized in surgical procedures. Given that the patient with a wound has certain specific needs, an effective method of providing nursing care can be found in the application of the nursing process. The aim of the thesis was to map the issue of dressing in the context of the nursing process. Other goals were to find out what patients expect in connection with the treatment of a wound from a nurse and what patient's needs are satisfied in the treatment of wounds. Three research questions were identified. How does wound dressing work in nursing practice? How do nurses perceive their competencies for wound dressings? How do patients perceive wound dressings? The method of elaboration of the empirical part was a qualitative research investigation, which was carried out by the technique of semi-structured interview with patients who had an acute or chronic wound and were treated in hospital in connection with its treatment. The second group of informants consisted of nurses who work at surgery department and take care of patients and their wounds during their work. The research group consisted of eleven patients and twelve nurses. Based on the study of the literature, ten basic questions for interviews with patients and eleven basic questions for interviews with nurses were created. With the consent of the informants, all the interviews obtained were recorded on an audio recording and subsequently cleaned from padding words and transcribed. The method chosen for processing the obtained data was open coding, the "pencil and paper" technique. The results of the research survey are presented in the form of categories and subcategories. From the answers of the informants it was clear that wound care is very different according to workplaces and care system. The results of the research revealed that the most frequently reported need of patients with a wound is the need to be pain-free. Furthermore, it was found that even though the informants claimed that the nursing process in their workplaces is both partially and fully used, they did not demonstrate comprehensive knowledge of the nursing process in other issues. Thanks to the mapping of the issue by the above groups, some opinions were connected, and the shortcomings or necessary changes were revealed, which can be the basis for new research work.
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The role of nurse in an interdisciplinary team in the care of patient with decubitus
HUBKOVÁ, Šárka
Introduction: Pressure ulcers are one of the most monitored indicators of nursing care. Thanks to a well-functioning interdisciplinary team, pressure ulcers can be effectively prevented. Main aims of the thesis: The aim of this work is to map the role of nurse in an interdisciplinary team, to describe how the interdisciplinary teams currently work and what the effectiveness of their work is in relation to the prevention of pressure ulcers and their healing. Methodology: A qualitative research survey was used to collect the data in the form of semi-structured interviews wtih nurses. The selection criterion was the fact that they encounter patients suffering from pressure sores. The informants were getting method Snow ball. The resulting set of informants consisted of 15 persons. The results of the interviews were processed using the open-coding technique of pencil and paper and then divided into six categories. Results of the thesis: Research shows that the nurse plays a key role in the interdisciplinary team in the care of a patient with pressure ulcers. Her role is to work with other team members, direct patient care, preventive work and family contact. The results show that the nurse is a full member of the team. The overall care effect of the interdisciplinary team is ineffective in some departments, because, as it happens that individual workers do not work together. In our research, we mainly come across the absence of a nutritional therapist. Also, nurses would welcome more cooperation from lower medical staff. Furthermore, nurses perceive the use of scales as a certain obligation, and in some cases report their incorrect evaluation. Last but not least, we are confronted with ignorance and non-compliance with the standards of pressure ulcers treatment. Conclusion: We would like to convey the results achieved by the necessity of cooperation of all workers who care for a patient with pressure ulcers. The provision of complex care is essential in this area, because pressure ulcers are multifactorial. The use of interdisciplinary teams in the care of a patient with pressure ulcers brings the possibility to use people with different expertise, knowledge and experience. Together, they effectively work towards the early recovery of the patient, shortening the hospitalization period and saving the cost of hospitalization.
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Wound care in Namibia, Ireland and the Czech republic
FRANKOVÁ, Šárka
Wound care is an important part of the daily work of nurses in all facilities like hospitals, institutes for long-term patients, social care institutions, or ambulances. In recent years, the treatment of wounds puts more and more emphasis on modern methods, mainly in the Czech Republic (CR) and Ireland. As already mentioned, nursing is constantly evolving, and possibilities for wound treatment are wide. Our aim will be to compare the ways and methods of wound treatment in three different countries. We will focus on the General Nurse, as a nursing care provider. In the theoretical part, the work was focused on characteristic of wounds, their distribution, general healing as well as concrete treatment in the countries concerned, specifically according to the competence of nurses. A major part was devoted to the education of nurses The main purpose of the research was focused on the way nurses treat wounds in Namibia, Ireland and the Czech Republic. Based on the research subject the following research questions and goals were set: Identify and describe how nurses treat wounds in the selected countries. How are wounds healed in Namibia, Ireland and the Czech Republic? How is the wound care in Namibia, Ireland and the Czech Republic? What kind of education does a nurse have to have in the countries concerned, in connection with the wound care? For the empirical part of the thesis, a qualitative approach was selected. A semi-structured interview with nurses from the selected countries was used. Further records of the wound treatment were used. These were obtained during the internship in Namibia, a personal visit to Ireland and my experience during my studies in the Czech Republic. Respondents were recruited by purposive sampling, the condition of which was wound care requiring hospital treatment. The interviews were conducted using a range of questions addressing nurses in those countries during their working hours and if needed, supplementing the required information via Skype. The research sample consisted of nine respondents - nurses from Namibia, Ireland and the Czech Republic and then records of the wound treatment of 9 patients from Namibia, the Czech Republic and Ireland were drawn. The countries have their competencies relating to this issue. In Ireland, Czech Republic there is a re-bandaging nurse, who creates a nursing plan and, if needed, consults everything with the physician. In Namibia, due to lack of nurses and physicians, only competences of local nurses which they acquired during their university studies, are sufficient. These competences lead to decisions and choice of care and wound treatment. In the Czech Republic, nurses shall consult the healing process and the course of treatment with the physician. In the area of education of nurses from the surveyed countries in connection with wound care the research investigation showed that university education is required in Namibia, in the Czech Republic as well as in Ireland. The third mentioned research question related to methods of care with clients suffering from acute or chronic wounds. Wound care in Namibia, Ireland, and in the Czech Republic does not differ in some specific procedures; however, in most cases it is very different. In severe cases of wounds, for many patients it is an unforgettable memory, which requires a professional approach, consisting of knowledge and experience. The nurse provides a unique support to the patient, education is therefore very important and unconditional in order to enable the patient coping with the situation. The results of this thesis can serve as information and study material to other grades of the surgical block and for further research on a similar topic.
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