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Valets of emperor Rudolf II.
SUCHÁNEK, Antonín
The following diploma work is proposing clarification of the circumstances around rise and growing importance of personal valets of Emperor Rudolf II., using studies of the individual careers of those valets. It studies their connections to powerful magnates and other court courtiers of Rudolf II. in the time before the battle of Bílá Hora. The diploma work takes all those aspects together and puts them into wider context. For this purpose were used examples of the three most well-known persons who served in such a function during the rule of Rudolf II., namely Jeroným Makovský z Makové, Filip Lang z Langenfelsu and Kašpar Rucký z Rudz. Due to the circumstances of their infamous ends we are able to gather enough papers from which to reconstruct and assort their individual biographies. By investigating numerous correspondences, promissory notes, processional acta (witness testimonies), deeds and other official or personal resources stored in the National archive in Prague and in the State archive in Vienna, it became possible to uncover the tangled networks of the valets' power connections and their accrual of wealth; to reveal possible reasons for their fast advancement, (the culmination of which was their acceptance into the knighthood) and also to answer some questions related to the difficulties therein. Part of the diploma work comprises the attached illustrations.
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Recent shifts of alpine treeline ecotone in temperate and boreal part of Northern Hemisphere
Kolařík, Petr ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Romportl, Dušan (referee)
Treeline advance is often cited as one of the effects of the global climate change, especially the rise of mean temperatures. However, treeline dynamics is a complex issue. This thesis aims to describe factors that determine the position and dynamics of the alpine treeline and create an overview of treeline dynamics in the temperate and boreal parts of the Northern Hemisphere outside of Europe. A further goal is to create a database of treeline advance at locations in this region and then analyze this database. Of the 20 studied locations, 65 % showed treeline advance while treeline receded at only two locations. The highest rate of advance was recorded in the Rocky Mountains of North Americe, up to 1.59 m/yr. The highest rate of recession was recorded in the San Francisco Peaks, also in North America, where a recession of 1.21 m/yr was recorded. A statistical analysys showed no significant correlation between temperature trends and treeline advance. Locations that had undrgone a change in land use showed both the highest rate of advance and recession. It appears that anthrpogenic activity is an importnant factor influencing the dynamics of alpine treelines.
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Treeline rise as a consuquence of increasing temperature and land-use change
Kolář, Václav ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
Treeline advance to greater altitude is observed in the majority of European mountains. Many authors have attributed treeline advance to increasing temperatue, others to decrasing anthropogenic influence. The aim of the thesis was to describe dynamics of treeline and influencing factors. Based on newly created database of case studies I asked, whether the treeline agnace is controlled by increasing temperature or by land-use change. My treeline database documented, that treeline advance in Europe ranged from -0,2 to 1,6 m.y-1 . Treeline was advancing most quickly in the Austrian Central Alps, conversely treeline in Ukraine Carpathians revealed retreat. Furthermore, it was found that treeline rise coincides with increasing winter temperatures. While the advance of northern treelines without human impacts is attributed to increasing temperatures and precipitation, remaining areas showed treeline advance in consequence of temperature increase and decreasing anthropogenic influence.
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The biblical and extra-biblical view on the Exodus
Bíca, Josef ; Melmuk, Petr (advisor) ; Vymětalová Hrabáková, Eva (referee)
It can be said that the whole issue of exodus looks at the thing like this: It is not excluded that such events occurred, when a wave of Hebrews were looking for a better life ( and some of them were streaming from Egypt ). Miraculous signs and symbols, epidemics and wounds, death and the spectacular deliverance- as they are filed in the biblical messages- nothing of the sort happened exactly.
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