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Ketózy u dojného skotu, jejich léčba a profylaxe
Hronová, Julie
Ketosis is considered the most common and economically very important metabolic disease in high producing dairy cows. At the onset of lactation, the energy metabolism of dairy cows is disturbed and they enter into a negative energy balance. The main symptom of ketosis is an increased concentration of ketone bodies in urine, milk and blood. Ketone bodies are composed of acetone, acetoacetic acid and β-hydroxybutyric acid, which is the highest in relation to ketone body composition. Clinical signs of ketosis are characterized by weight loss, decreased performance, impaired reproductive performance and the possibility of other metabolic diseases. Prevention is very important to avoid the development of ketosis and the large economic losses resulting from this disease. The basic preventive measure is proper nutritional management in the pre- and postnatal period.
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Hodnocení ukazatelů reprodukce v chovu vysokoprodukčních dojnic
Pokorná, Veronika
In this bachelor's thesis with name Evaluation idicators reproduction in the breedeing of high-yield dairy cows, I deal with issues of reproduction in these cows. Good to know and evaluate reproduction indicators is the foundation of a good level of breeding. I deal with this one in first part, this are described biological and physiological patterns of reproductive cycle. In second part are described possible methods of detecting estrus. Timely retrieval and correct determination of the optimal time of estrus plays a major role in the success of conception. Also here I discuss how the cows are suitable for reproduction, methods and techniques of insemination. Much depends on the timely implementation of insemination that subsequently became pregnant cows. In third part are described the period from conception through birth until postnatal period. Their findings, control and treatment. Mastering of these will affect the lactation period and restoration of full-fledged ovarian cycle and expression of oestrus. In fourth part, I deal with influences affecting the level of reproduction, their causes, consequences and prevention. Among the most important influences include stabling technologies, thermal stress, nutrition and condition of the animal. In the last fifth section outlines the most widely used biotechnological methods in breeding cattle.
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