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Pain as indicating and limiting factor in physiotherapy
VONEŠOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor thesis focuses on the issue of pain. Pain is part of most of the diseases not only of the musculoskeletal system. This unpleasant sensation is a warning sign for the affected person, that there is some pathological process in his body, or there is going to be a pathological proces. The pain should not be underestimated, because its function is primarily protective. The pain is a subsequent process, during which is happening biochemical and neurofyziological interactions at different levels of irritation. It includes a wide range of predominantly negative perceptions of varying intensity and character. Painful mechanisms are handled by the nociceptors, thus aferent neurons with thin and thick myelinize fibres. It is conduct by the primary aferentn fibres mixed or sensitive peripheral nerves, with the way of back root into the spinal cord and ends in the substantia gelatinosa of the back corner of the spinal cord. But its intensity is very subjective and people with the same disease can experience totally different intensity. This thesis deals with the importance and possibilities of physiotherapy in the control of pain of the musculoskeletal system. The main objective of my work is to provide basic theoretical information about the pain, its distribution, examination, and treatment. The research part of my thesis will be map the possibilities of physiotherapy in some diseases. And in other part the reasons that bring the patients to the physiotherapy ordination. The first part of the theoretical work includes the definition of pain, its way via the human body and its basic division. The other two chapters of the theoretical part include the examination of pain and its treatment not only pharmacological, but also physiotherapy with a component of physical therapy, manual therapy, kineziotherapy and other methods. The practical part consists of two researches. The main, qualitative research, and in the second place, then research quantitative. The file for the quantitative research, consist of four patients. Two patients are after surgery of the lumbal spine for prolaps of the disk and their problems have been of a structural base. Another two patients don't have diagnosed structural changes, so their pain problems are of the basis of the functional changes. Every patient was sampling anamnesis, checkup by the sight and palpation examination and four times during the period of therapy was filled in a questionnaires. And there are also described the methods used in the therapies. He research consist of 152 people. In the chapter "Results" in the practical part you can find the advances and changes for all probands, the final examinations and their subjective evaluation and also the results of the qualitative work. My bachelor thesis can be used to increase knowing about physiotherapy in the case of treatment the pain, also can be instrumental towards educational material for professional and general public.
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