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Systémy pro rychlé analýzy mléka v dojírnách
DURČANSKÁ, Michaela
The first part of my bachelor's thesis, consisting of a review of available literature sources, deals with the description of the properties and composition of cow's milk and the use of milk quality indicators in the management of dairy herds. Furthermore, this bachelor's thesis contains a detailed description of various types of milking parlors as well as criteria for their selection. The second part describes in-line milk analyzers that are available on the market and are used in the milking processes. Using various sensors, these analyzers measure milk components (proteins, fats, lactose, somatic cell count, enzymes, blood presence), milk properties (color, temperature, electrical conductivity) and the amount of milk milked in real time during milking from individual cows. In practice, milk analyzers from Afimilk, Lely, DeLaval, LIC Automation, Fullwood Packo, GEA and Boumatic are the most widely used ones. The basic disadvantage of analyzers is the lower accuracy of measurement compared to laboratories. To reach more accurate results of measurement, further research and development of these technologies is important. Potential methods include infrared spectroscopy, biosensors, or the ATP bioluminescence method. However, the inaccuracy of the results does not prevent those from being used in assessing changes in measured values and trends over time. Further development of a device that could directly determine the number of somatic cells in milk would be needed. This would make monitoring the incidence of mastitis more accurate than the previously used but less reliable changes in milk conductivity. The use of such a device would make the prevention and treatment of mastitis more effective, especially in robotic milking.
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Vliv vybraných prvků chovného prostředí dojnic na technologické vlastnosti jejich mléka =: Influence of selected breeding dairy elements on the technological properties of their milk /
Henzl, Vratislav
The subject of this dissertation was the analysis of the influence of selected breeding dairy elements on the technological properties of their milk. The monitoring took place from October 2012 to October 2013 (53 weeks) for a total of six milk suppliers within the Vysočina Region. During the experiment, a total of 318 milk analyzes were analyzed in the Agricultural and Analytical Laboratory in Pribina Pribyslav and 172 sample analyzes in the CL (Central Laboratory) Buštěhrad. The breeding environment has been monitored continuously, in particular in stables and temperature and relative humidity outside the stables. The observed parameters of the breeding environment were the temperature in the stable, the outside temperature for comparison and the relative humidity. Milk suppliers were selected based on the breed dairy breed, dairy cradle and milking method. It has been shown that the milking method of dairy cows (milking parlors, cans and piping) had a statistically proven effect on milk constituents. The fat content was statistically significantly lower in case of milking in milking parlors than milking in pipes and hoses. The content of proteins and dry matter had the opposite trend, ie higher milking milking and lower milking content in cans and pipes. This fact was confirmed in the further analysis of the data, according to the conditions of the housing, when the same situation was repeated. The influence of the accommodation method on the temperature conditions in the stable was demonstrated, and the temperature at the stables was clearly higher, which ultimately had a significant impact on the cheese's curdiness and quality, as described above. The influence of the milking method on the microbial load of milk has been demonstrated. The lowest values were recorded during milking in the milking parlor, either CPM (total number of micro-organisms), number of coliform bacteria or SB (number of somatic cells)
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