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Possibilities of physiotherapy in movement disorders violinists
SIEGERTOVÁ, Tereza
Motion disorders of violinists are mainly due to long-term repetitive asymmetric stress while playing the violin at inappropriate motion stereotypes. Also sometimes with the lack of preparation of the body for the performance and a lack of compensatory activities. Playing the violin is challenging for fine motion skills and body posture. Motion disorders are therefore evident in the area of the shoulder girdle and free upper limb, collarbone and neck spin. Disorders can pass through the muscle loops and chains to other parts of the axial organ and the whole organism. The pain occurs as a result of overloading tendons, hypertonia and hypermobility. The first aim of this paper is to determine the principles of the motion disorders of players in the terms of anatomy and kinesiology. The second objective is realization of individual and targeted physiotherapy plan based on the kinesiology examination. Furthermore to determine the possibilities of preventing such disorders. In the theoretical part the basic informations about kinesiology and anatomy of the shoulder girdle and spine are given. The paper is also focused on describing violinists postures, creating stereotypes and subsequent automatism. In treatment the physical therapy, rest and medications are often used. But this is not a permanent solution. Because after treatment the patient returns to the original stereotype motion, which caused the difficulties. Therefore it is necessary to change the stereotype of motions, to find sufficient compensation activities and especially to master the elements of prevention. For this work the qualitative research was used, with two violinists as a study group. As a data collection method were used guided interviews and input and output kinesiology analysis with detection of motion stereotypes of shoulder girdle on electromyography. Therapy of violinists took nine weeks with each and was realized at the Centre for Physiotherapy at the Faculty of Health and Social Studies University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice. The proposed treatment includes treatment of detected reflex changes such as hypertonia, the trigger points, but also the attitudes of selected concepts to change of the motion stereotypes or activation of the deep stabilization system.
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