|
|
Diagnostic imaging methods in children with disorders of the lower urinary tract
VOLMANOVÁ, Martina
A large part of the population of all age groups suffers from the lower urinary tract diseases. The most reliable imaging methods proving the possible pathology not only in the field of urology are methods joint with the ionizing radiation. However this method has a negative impact on the human organism, especially in view of the ability of reproduction and possibility of tumorous disease occurrence. An especially risky group are patients of children´s age, on whom I concentrated in this thesis. Since the birth, various diseases of excretory system appear in children´s age group. Very frequent are urinary tract infections leading to the vesicoureteral reflux. In chapters of this thesis the methods are analyzed which could be taken in consideration for the diagnostics of the vesicoureteral reflux. The most frequently applied methods, i.e. X-ray methods and methods without ionizing radiation, which are the most suitable ones thanks to the absence of radiation load are compared here. The target of this thesis was to summarise the knowledge concerning the voiding cystourethrography in comparison with the methods without ionising radiation, i.e. the magnetic resonance imaging and ultrasonography, to define the diagnostic possibilities of the methods without ionising radiation and to recommend the way of their application. Moreover, I evaluated the work of radiological assistant during applying these methods. I performed an examination in the Radiological Department of the Hospital of České Budějovice a.s., where I collected the information concerning the diagnostics of the lower urinary tract and how the individual methods are applied. In 2009, 116 voiding cystourethrographies were performed here on 58 girls and 46 boys in the age ranging from 1 week to 18 years incl.. The most voiding cystourethrographies were performed on children up to 1 year of age. The same number of ultrasonographic examinations was performed, however, only as control examination after the voiding cystourethrography. The examination by means of the magnetic resonance imaging is not performed at all. During 116 examinations by the voiding cystourethrography, 42,3% pathologic findings were discovered, in the most cases vesicoureteral reflux. The activity of the radiological assistant was necessary only during the voiding cystourethrography. After examination of the individual methods I can conclude that the X-ray voiding cystourethrography is unambiguously the {\clqq}golden``, i.e. most common standard in the diagnostics of the vesicoureteral reflux and further pathologic phenomena causing the lower urinary tract diseases.
|
guest ::
