|
|
Sex differences in olfactory identification depending on verbal fluency
Adamová, Andrea ; Martinec Nováková, Lenka (advisor) ; Třebická Fialová, Jitka (referee)
Smell plays a vital role in our daily lives and influences the way we perceive the world around us. People have the excellent ability to detect and distinguish odors, but they usually have difficulty in identifying individual odors. Olfactory abilities (olfactory identification, olfactory detection and olfactory discrimination) also differ significantly interindividually. In general, however, women achieve better results. While a number of studies point to sex differences in olfactory perception, especially in the identification of odors, we need to understand sex only as an overarching concept that includes specific factors such as hormonal influences or different odor experiences that can actually influence olfactory abilities. One of them could be verbal fluency, which allows us to recall information from memory, as there are studies showing the link between the ability to identify odors and verbal fluency. The main aim of the thesis was to test whether the difference between males and females in the identification of odors is mediated by a sex difference in verbal fluency. The secondary aim of the thesis was to explore whether the connection of odor identification and verbal fluency varies according to which form of verbal fluency is tested (phonetic or semantic), and whether these tests can be...
|
|
|
Estimation of normative values for the semantic verbal fluency test in older adults over 50
Papežová, Vanda ; Šteffl, Michal (advisor) ; Větrovský, Tomáš (referee)
Title: Estimation of normative values for the semantic verbal fluency test in older adults over 50 Objective: The aim of the diploma thesis was to create normative values for the semantic verbal fluency test (animal category) for older adults over 50 years, depending on the level of education achieved. Methods: The diploma thesis is constructed as a cross-sectional study. All data were obtained from the international project Survey of Health Aging and Retirement in Europe (SHARE). The descriptive statistics of participants were produced with calculated means and standard deviation for continuous variables and percentage for categorical variables. The median and interquartile range for age and semantic verbal fluency test (animal category), and 2nd , 7th , and 16th percentile as the cut-off points for verbal fluency test (animal category) were calculated for participants divided into ISCED - 97 education levels and for each country separately. Results: Data from 64,242 participants aged 66.4 were analyzed, and the female ratio was 55.8 %. All respondents were older adults over 50 years old from 20 European countries. Figures and tables show that all percentiles as cut-off points increased linearly with levels of education. Other result is that the performance in the test gradually decreased with...
|
|
|
Sex differences in olfactory identification depending on verbal fluency
Adamová, Andrea ; Martinec Nováková, Lenka (advisor) ; Třebická Fialová, Jitka (referee)
Smell plays a vital role in our daily lives and influences the way we perceive the world around us. People have the excellent ability to detect and distinguish odors, but they usually have difficulty in identifying individual odors. Olfactory abilities (olfactory identification, olfactory detection and olfactory discrimination) also differ significantly interindividually. In general, however, women achieve better results. While a number of studies point to sex differences in olfactory perception, especially in the identification of odors, we need to understand sex only as an overarching concept that includes specific factors such as hormonal influences or different odor experiences that can actually influence olfactory abilities. One of them could be verbal fluency, which allows us to recall information from memory, as there are studies showing the link between the ability to identify odors and verbal fluency. The main aim of the thesis was to test whether the difference between males and females in the identification of odors is mediated by a sex difference in verbal fluency. The secondary aim of the thesis was to explore whether the connection of odor identification and verbal fluency varies according to which form of verbal fluency is tested (phonetic or semantic), and whether these tests can be...
|
guest ::
