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The yield formation of winter wheat in low-input conditions
PETERKOVÁ, Ingrid
The aim of the diploma thesis was to assess the formation of basic yield producing elements of classical and hybrid winter wheat varieties depending on the intensity of cultivation. A total of 5 varieties were used for the experiment, of which 3 lineage varieties (Patras, Rumor and Turandot) and 2 hybrid varieties (Hybery and Hyfi). The stand was assessed in three variants of cultivation - clover undersowing, nitrogen fertilization, control, variants were established in 3 repetitions. Finally, the actual and theoretical yield were compared. During the vegetation, the health of the stand (occurrence of diseases, pests) and the amount of chlorophyll in the plants were evaluated in the field. The experiment with winter wheat varieties was based on the land of the Faculty of Agriculture of the University of South Bohemia in České Budějovice in the growing season 2018/2019. The total average number of ears per m2 reached 454.12 pcs.m-2. Linear varieties reached a higher average number of ears (457.58 ks.m-2) vs. hybrid varieties (450.66 ks.m-2). The highest average values were reached by varieties grown with nitrogen fertilization (490.00 ks.m-2). The average number of grains in the cob for all varieties and variants of cultivation reached 52.32 pieces. In the second yield element, hybrid varieties reached a higher average number (52.69 pcs) vs. liner varieties (51.93 pcs.). The system with nitrogen fertilization reached higher average values (52.76 pcs.). The highest number of grains in the cob was achieved by hybrid varieties grown in the control variant. The average weight of a thousand grains of all varieties and growing variants reached a weight of 34.70 g. The line varieties reached a higher average value of HTZ (36.50 g) vs. hybrid varieties (32.90 g). The third yield element was the highest in the variant of cultivation with clover undersowing (35.95 g). Line varieties achieved the highest real yield compared to hybrid varieties. In comparison with the three cultivation variants, higher yields were achieved by cultivating varieties in the variant with nitrogen fertilization.
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The yield formation and quality of winter wheat in low-input conditions
PAVLÁTOVÁ, Kristýna
The aim of this thesis is to evaluate basic yield formation and food quality of grain in selected winter wheat varieties, depending on the intensity of cultivation. There was 5 varieties chosen for the experiment of which 3 was linear (Patras, Turandot and Rumor) and 2 varieties was hybrid (Hyfi and Hybery). Each variety was repeated three times during the experiment. The vegetation was assessed in two variations - the checking one and the one fertilized by the nitrogen. This experiment was conducted in growing season 2017/2018 on the field of Faculty of Agriculture of University of South Bohemia. The withdrawal of the vegetal material for the purpose of the following sample analysis was done right before the harvesting. The yield formation and the health condition of the vegetation was assessed in the fieldwork. The determination of qualitative parameters was made with the help of the apparatus in the laboratory of the faculty. Then, the results was marked in tables and graphics. Finally, the statistical evaluation of the obtained data. An average yield of all assessed varieties of the winter wheat was 8,52 t.ha-1 at the checking variation. On the contrary, at the nitrogen fertilized one the average yield was 8,94 t.ha-1. The evaluated varieties in the growing season 2017/2018 had the baking quality A and B. Regarding the qualitative parameters, there was found lower values of volume quantity than those that are stated in the norm for the food wheat (at least 76,0 kg.hl-1). The highest values were found at the variety Turandot fertilized by nitrogen (77,8 kg.hl-1), which met the requirements of the ČSN 4611 00-2.
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