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Small and adult patients' uropoetic system examination from radiological assistant's point of view
TRAPLOVÁ, Lenka
This paper deals with issues related to examinations of the uropoetic system. First, I briefly describe the anatomy and physiology of the urinary system, and then I characterize all the particular imaging methods. Patients with identical diagnoses should undergo identical examinations in an identical and, if possible, optimal sequence. I decided to make a comparison of available national and international guidelines with examination algorithms applied in the Czech Republic. For this purpose, I collected data of 115 patients who underwent radiological examinations in the hospital of České Budějovice, a.s. I abstracted the applied algorithm of the indicated examinations for the diagnoses represented in the sample of patients and, after the comparison, I assessed the deviation from the guidelines. I suggested procedures which seemed to be the most suitable ones when comparing Czech and international guidelines and available studies. I realised that the hospital in České Budějovice meticulously follows the standards defined by professional associations, therefore, upon assessment of all aspects, it can be concluded that examination methods using ionizing radiation can only be replaced by other methods which do not use it in a very small percentage of cases.
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The aquistion of selected display methods in diagnosis of the inborn evolutionary defect of uropoetic system on children
CHVÁTALOVÁ, Jana
This bachelor work concentrates on summary of select display methods, describes basic process in detection of uropoetical illness in new-borns and its exploitation. There was a huge progress in some examinations which are now outdated or used only occasionally. Technical differences in radiodiagnostical achievements specific for child age come from anatomical and functional oddity of children in time of growth. It is necessary to mention different composition of bodily tissue which is displayed in different absorption of x-ray radiation. It is crucial to follow basic rules to indicate criteria for child age during the display process. After a brief description of kidney anatomy and physiology comes classification of innate evolutionary defect in child uropoetical system, examination variety, display method use. Sonography is the first choice display method for new-borns. Preparation, safety, reliability, high returns and absence of ionizing radiation are optimal for a small patient. Other display methods follow, according to their acquisition, although it is necessary to understand and fully embrace their merits, negatives and their possibilities. In the given time observation of innate evolutionary illness rate in child uropoetical wing took place according to sex, the most common type of anomaly, hollow system dilatation in A-P diameter and lateralization {--} the side of occurance. Relations to sex, heredity, siblings and age of mother was examined with the help of statistical methods.
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