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Math textbooks for elementary schools and their readiness for distance learning
BRŮŽKOVÁ, Nikola
The number of changes that accompany the current Czech school system is a response for global social and pandemic changes and it is focused on methods of pupils´ education. New educational trends are linked to a requirement to acquire key competences as a basis for lifelong learning with a change of educational content, which are means of a versatile development of a child´s personality, not just a goal. In this context, we also talk about distance learning regarding the transformation of educational content which is addressed in the thesis. The thesis deals with issues and critical points of distance as well as face-to-face learning of geometry. Interactive materials were created, that could help the students to overcome these critical points. At the end of the thesis, a reflection obtained from teachers and students, who worked with the mentioned materials, is attached.
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Diagnostics of selected tasks from the researchs of TIMSS and PISA and Cermat tests
OPAVOVÁ, Jana
In my diploma thesis I deal with the diagnostics of selected released tasks from the international surveys PISA, TIMSS and from the tests Cermat. Diagnostics deals with geometric tasks that focus on the calculation of content, perimeter of shapes, surfaces and volumes of bodies. Furthermore, mapping the necessary knowledge for the successful completion of these tests, in comparison with the possibility of obtaining the necessary information with respect to the FEP and with respect to the most commonly used textbooks of mathematics in Czech schools. Furthermore, my diploma thesis contains an analysis of tasks from Cermat tests and international surveys, due to the content in textbooks. Furthermore, the part that contains a chapter with a detailed analysis of tests completed by 9th grade students, and interviews with students and teachers on the issue. Finally, my work contains activities with children of the first grade, aimed at a better understanding of this issue.
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To what extent could mathematical textbooks be politically "innocent"? The reflection of historical events in mathematical "applied problems" in the years 1938-1952
Sýkorová, Pavla ; Havlůjová, Hana (advisor) ; Hnilica, Jiří (referee)
This work monitors the reflection of historical reality in "mathematical applied problems" in the Czech mathematical textbooks from the period of years 1938 -1952. I try to put the actual historical context in a connection with the real situation at that time. The work is structured in a way that the account of historical facts is stated first and then it is explained how the contents of the "mathematical word problems" was influenced by the current situation at that time. I also trace how their contents affected whether the textbooks were going to be redone or rejected. A case study is dedicated to Eduard Čech, a significant mathematician, whose books were published almost throughout this specified period and whose opinions and attitudes characterize the influence of the political situation at these textbooks.
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Approaches to the deduction of formulas for measure in geometry in Czech mathematics textbooks
Procházková, Anežka ; Vondrová, Naďa (advisor) ; Zamboj, Michal (referee)
This bachelor's thesis aims to analyse selected mathematics school books published in the Czech Republic and summarize different approaches to calculating the area, volume and surface area in geometry. The thesis has been divided into two sections. The first section focuses on geometry, geometric measure and geometric figures, defining and explaining key terms related to the measure in geometry. The section also summarizes key information on the geometric figures addressed in the second section of the thesis. The second section includes different approaches to formula derivation, as used in Czech mathematics school books for lower secondary schools. The approaches are described in ways comprehensible to both teachers and pupils. The second section has been divided according to the geometric figures introduced in the first section, dealing with the area of a triangle, parallelogram, trapezium and circle, as well as the surface area and volume of a cube, cuboid, general prism, pyramid, cylinder, cone and sphere. The final section also explores Cavalieri's principle, which was used in some of the investigated approaches.
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Divisibility in mathematics textbooks
Šmídová, Lucie ; Vondrová, Naďa (advisor) ; Pilous, Derek (referee)
The bachelor thesis is focused on the concepts of divisibility in Czech mathematics textbooks for lower secondary schools. Namely, it describes which divisibility rules they include, if pupils are led to participating on their derivation, how are the rules mathematically justified, which models are used in their explanation and if there are real word problems included in the textbook. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and it introduces main concepts that are essential for the chosen topic. Its big part is dedicated to the divisibility, its characteristics and divisibility rules. The second part consists of the analysis of the selected textbooks focused on the divisibility rules. It was found that the selected textbooks differs not only in which rules they contain but also in the approach to studying the rules of divisibility. Diversity of approaches shows significantly in the number of models used to reasoning the divisibility rules. KEY WORDS Divisibility, divisibility rules, mathematics textbook, primary school
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Comparison of education programs of the Czech Republic, Moldova and Russia
STRATULAT, Elena
The aim of this thesis is to compare mathematical themes in standard study programs for primary education in three different countries. Such research will provide information on the educational programs in the Czech Republic, the Republic of Moldova and the Russian Federation. Another aim of the thesis is to compare the second-level textbooks of the primary schools of the studied countries on a certain topic of the educational area Mathematics and its Applications.
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Mathematics textbooks for secondary schools from the point of view of beginning teachers
JELÍNEK, Jan
The aim of this thesis is to identify differences among Mathematics textbooks and to find out how they work in real education process. This research will provide information whether such textbooks are actually used by Maths teachers, and if so, then in what manner and how effectively. This will be viewed from the perspective of a teacher-beginner who searches for the most appropriate textbook for Mathematics lessons. Another goal is to introduce the offer of various Maths textbooks for the 2nd stage of basic schools. Also, there is a research performed that could compare these books, especially books published by Prometheus, Fraus and H-mat. Results of the research will be then used for lesson plans of a beginning teacher.
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Non-mathematical world of mathematics textbook for 6th grade of lower secondary schools and in the area of financial literacy
Moraová, Hana ; Bendl, Stanislav (advisor) ; Hošpesová, Alena (referee) ; Voňková, Hana (referee)
The aim of the dissertation thesis is to study the non-mathematical content of textbooks of mathematics. Textbooks of mathematics are not only a pedagogical document but also a cultural artefact that is produces in a particular society with its own cultural norms. While working with a textbook of mathematics, pupils come across many images of everyday life. Yet, since the main goal of a mathematics textbook is to help pupils gain knowledge and skills in mathematics, not much attention is paid to textual (non-mathematical, cultural) content. This means that pupils almost on everyday basis visit a world that tries to awaken the illusion of being "real", of being model of reality but in fact is a model for what is perceived as normal. The question asked in the presented research is what images of everyday life pupils come across while working with Czech textbooks of mathematics and whether there are differences among textbooks by different authors in this respect. Within the frame of this research, five sets of textbooks for 6th grade of lower secondary schools and four textbooks for 9th grade (only the chapter on financial mathematics, an area closely connected to everyday life) were analysed with respect to their non-mathematical, cultural content. The method used in the research comes out of the...
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To what extent could mathematical textbooks be politically "innocent"? The reflection of historical events in mathematical "applied problems" in the years 1938-1952
Sýkorová, Pavla ; Havlůjová, Hana (advisor) ; Hnilica, Jiří (referee)
This work monitors the reflection of historical reality in "mathematical applied problems" in the Czech mathematical textbooks from the period of years 1938 -1952. I try to put the actual historical context in a connection with the real situation at that time. The work is structured in a way that the account of historical facts is stated first and then it is explained how the contents of the "mathematical word problems" was influenced by the current situation at that time. I also trace how their contents affected whether the textbooks were going to be redone or rejected. A case study is dedicated to Eduard Čech, a significant mathematician, whose books were published almost throughout this specified period and whose opinions and attitudes characterize the influence of the political situation at these textbooks.
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