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Death penalty
Jenerálová, Nela ; Tlapák Navrátilová, Jana (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
This thesis deals with the insitute of death penalty, from the point of view of international, european and national law. Thesis is focused on a few main areas, it describes the concept and function of punishment in general, the historical developement of capital punishment, especially in czech lands, the current legislation related to the issues, regulation of the death penalty in selected states of the world, the issues of an exceptional punishment including legal requirements for its storage, methods of capital punishment which were used in the past including present methods, public opinion on death penalty and especially the arguments for and against the death penalty from the perspective of author. The issues of an exceptional punishment is described more in detail in thesis, because author considers this issues an adequate alternative for capital punishment.
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Death penalty
Fuksa, Filip ; Císařová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Hořák, Jaromír (referee)
Death Penalty - Summary As the theme of my thesis, I've chosen the death penalty. The death penalty is phenomenon that accompanies mankind from the earliest time. Although the capital punishment is currently on decline and it has been abolished in many countries of the world, it is still a topic that arouses passionate debate. In the Czech Republic, the death penalty was abolished more than twenty years ago, but the majority of the population in the opinion polls calling for its renewal. Therefore I decided to mainly deal with the question of the acceptability of the death penalty, and to work with the alternatives offered by our legal system. In the introduction of my thesis I've determined the range of subtopics, which I will pursue and I have asked the questions that I had during work to answer. The whole thesis is divided into eight main chapters, which are further divided into subchapters. The first chapter is devoted to the concept and purpose of the punishment. The first subchapter deals with the concept of punishment. I summarize here the historical theories about the purpose of punishment, both retributive theory, utilitarian theory and combined theories. In the last subchapter I describe the purpose of punishment in today's Czech criminal law. The second chapter briefly describes the death...
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Death penalty
Kotroušová, Lenka ; Vanduchová, Marie (advisor) ; Jelínek, Jiří (referee)
The issue of the death penalty is not just a matter of legal and political, but mainly social, ethical and moral. As other questions like abortion, euthanasia and gay adoption of children, this issue forces us to make up our own opinion and take an attitude. In addition, capital punishment is not only historical relic, but there are still lot of states that retained it in their legal system and also a lot of states that can perform it today. And it is not just a totalitarian or authoritarian states, as it might seem, but also a modern democratic society such as Japan or the United States of America. In the second chapter of his work, I focus on issue what is punishment and what kind of punishment and purpose exists. In the third chapter I try to outline the history and present of the death penalty, in the fourth chapter on methods of its execution. In the fifth chapter I introduce arguments of supporters and opponents of the death penalty, in next chapter I focus on public opinion. In the seventh chapter I work with international documents that deal with the death penalty. In the eighth chapter, I try to look at the death penalty from the perspective of Christian faith. The ninth chapter focuses on alternatives to the death penalty and the tenth deals with several well-known cases which have occurred in our...
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Selected Aspects of the Dilemma of the Basic Human Right according to Declaration of Basic Rights, Paragraph 6
Niklová, Ivana ; Sádovský, Stanislav (advisor) ; Stracený, Josef (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the selected aspects of the dilemma of the basic human right according to Declaration of Basic Rights, paragraph 6. It focuses mainly on controversial themes such as euthanasia, abortion and death penalty. It provides readers with the definition of the conflict of these three perspectives with breaking the right to life. It shows historical development of the enactment in the Czech Republic and also in the international context. Last but not least, it describes the attitude of selected states (namely Germany, USA and China) to the solution of conflict relations within this area. The attitude of other states is foreshadowed in terms of euthanasia and abortion.
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Death penalty
Pilát, Matěj ; Císařová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Novotný, Oto (referee)
Capital Punishment Abstract This paper is aimed at the capital punishment and its usage in modern society. The basic question examined is, whether death penalty can ever be justified as a tool to fight the most heinous crimes. In order to determine the answer this question, I am examining the capital punishment from the point of view of possible functions it can have and weighting it against inherent risks and harms created by it. The first chapter of this thesis is based on description. Firstly it shows the history of using the capital punishment in the area of Czech Republic; secondly I describe the usage around the world - mainly in USA, China and Middle East. Lastly I analyze international law concerned with capital punishment - namely International Covenant on Civil and Political rights and European Charter of Human rights, optional protocols to them and of course court decisions regarding these treaties. The second chapter is aimed at evaluating the possible benefits that using of capital punishment can have - especially when compared to life imprisonment. It is divided according to these functions, which are deterrence of potential criminals, protection of the society from sentenced criminals and the retribution for the crimes committed. In the end I find no clear benefit that executing of felons...
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Death penalty
Dvořáková, Kateřina ; Císařová, Dagmar (advisor) ; Novotný, Oto (referee)
1 Death Penalty - Summary As the theme of my thesis, I've chosen the death sentence. Such sentence has accompanied the human society from the early times. From the history to these days, it helped to maintain the public order and the law enforcement. The public order was seen differently in each society and every historical stage. However, there was always one thing in common, it intended to protect life, safety, law enforcement and community rules. During the period of economic growth, abundance and prosperity, the society tends to treat law and public order intruders more liberally. The "western part" of civilization is currently at this evolution stage. Our country is firmly integrated into the European Union. There is a straightforward common understanding. The death penalty is prohibited and it has to be respected. The world tends away from the death penalty in general. I've outlined the questions to be addressed at the introduction part of the thesis. I structured the dissertation into ten chapters. Further supplements are attached to the material, including the photographic documentation provided on my own, deeds and other documents related to the topic. I explain the definition of the death sentence and its purpose in the first chapter. I introduce different theories about the purpose of the death...
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Death Penalty
Obukhov, Maxim ; Novotný, Oto (advisor) ; Vanduchová, Marie (referee)
Death Penalty - Summary In my thesis I focused on one of the most discussed and one of the oldest institutes of criminal law - the death penalty. Despite the fact that the death penalty was abolished in most of countries (as a result of the abolitionist movement), some countries still continue to apply it. Also public opinion on this issue is not constant. The purpose of this research is not just to explore all aspects of capital punishment in the modern world, but also to reach a subjective opinion on this issue. This thesis is composed of five chapters. Each deals with the different aspects of the capital punishment. In the first chapter, I focused on the history of capital punishment in the world, from ancient world to the early 20th century. Chapter describes the application of the death penalty in different times and different cultures. I analyze the laws of different nations and countries and describe the methods of executions. I also pay attention to the opinion of well known authors (philosophers and politicians). The second chapter describes the history of the death penalty in Czech Republic, from the early beginning until abolition of death penalty in 1990. The third chapter is devoted to analysis of the current situation in the world. It describes laws and methods of executions in the countries...
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The right to life and capital punishment
Caletka, Lumír ; Suchánek, Radovan (advisor) ; Reschová, Jana (referee)
Resumé The right to life and the capital punishment Death penalty or capital punishment, or extreme penalty, is a punishment that assumes killing (or execution) of condemned person for a criminal offence provided it is possible to impose this sentence in accordance with the criminal law in force. At former times these crimes were called capital or hanging crimes. With regard to its definitiveness (impossibility of any redress after its execution) it is very controversial punishment. Its supporters argue that it is the sole just sentence for homicide and other felonies, that it excludes recurrence and it has significant deterrent (preventive) effects. On the other hand, the opponents allege not only moral arguments concerning the right of each person to life but they also mention the danger of judicial error which is incorrigible in this case. Furthermore, the objectors point out that the death sentence is not so intimidating. In addition, the costs of the execution use to be more expensive than life imprisonment. Since 1970s the capital punishment has been gradually cancelled in the majority of European and South American countries. Some states of the USA and the People's Republic of China are among countries that still make practise of the death penalty. I deal with the capital sentence in the first part...
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Death penalty
Puchmeltr, Jiří ; Vanduchová, Marie (advisor) ; Novotný, Oto (referee)
Shrnutí v anglickém jazyce / Resumé in English The purpose of my thesis is to analyse one of the most controversial topic, which people often discuss, the death penalty. To bring an option for a potential reader how to to make his own attitude to the death penalty was the collateral aim. In recent decades the most states abolished death penalty. But there is still over one quarter states in the world, which death penalty aply. Neverthelles public opinion polls show, that public support is relatively significant. The thesis is composed of nine chapters. Chapter one is introductory and defines the purpose of this thesis. Chapter two deals with the punishment and its purpose. This chapter consists of two parts. Part one concentrate on the punishment and defines, what this concept means. Second part concentrate on the purpose of the punishment, on the absolute and relative theory, on the purpose of the death penalty and on the purpose of the punishment in the czech penal code. Chapter three describes the history of the death penalty. The chapter consists of three parts. Part one deals with general history of the death penalty. Part two concentrate on the history of the death penalty in our area. Part three describes the most frequent method of the death pealty. Chapter four concentrates on the arguments of...
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