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Acidification of Czech soils and its threat
DAŇHELOVÁ, Jitka
This work focuses on the dangers of acidification of the soil in our conditional environment, and the related events that have a negative reflection on the entire ecosystem, including the socio-economic consequences for the entire community as well. It describes the causes of soil acidification, its primary markers, and the negative impact on the soil environment, plants, and edaphon. Soil reaction plays an important role, and bears evidence of the quality of the soil in a given location. The dangers the soil acidification introduces do not only affect the field of agriculture, but is significant from an ecological perspective, where we can assess the influence of acidification on the environment. An increase in soil acidity leads to leaching of nutrients from the soil, increased mobilisation of toxic substances, a disruption of natural microbiological processes in the soil, it enhances the effect of other degradational processes, and the loss of the natural processes of the soil is often irreversible. The effect of calcium on the soil and its role in plants' ability to absorb nutrients is also examined. The work also deals with how to neutralise acidic soil, in which the application of calcium on agricultural soil plays the most important role. The effect of calcium changes the characteristics of the soil, such as soil fertility, soil reaction, availability of nutrients, biological activity, and others. Since the 1980s, there has been a significant decrease in the use of calcium products. This study evaluated the results of agrochemical testing of agricultural soils for the past twenty years, in which the results show a clear, continuing decreasing trend in pH development. The conclusion focuses on an assessment of the information, an evaluation of influences, and recommendations for corrective and preventative measures.
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