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Prevention of HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic- What is Actually Reality?
PALÁTOVÁ, Ilona
HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic constantly represents the current health and social problem. In my bachelor thesis on Prevention of HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic - What is actually the reality? I decided to address this issue in detail from the perspective of present situation and also with respect to possibilities of the disease prevention. The thesis is divided into two parts - theoretical and practical. The theoretical part includes the HIV/AIDS issue in general, the issue of testing in the context of legislative conditions, and much of the theoretical part is devoted to the theory of HIV/AIDS prevention. The practical part was performed by qualitative forms of research. The first objective was to monitor a current range of services for the prevention of HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic. The second objective was to monitor possibilities of anonymous testing of HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic. Due to restructuring of Public Health Institute and individual Health Institutes and due to general reduction in funding targeted on prevention, the services in the area of anonymous testing and counseling are being reduced.The third objective was to monitor possibilities of anonymous HIV/AIDS counseling in the Czech Republic. The last objective, number 4, was to analyse the occurrence trends of HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic. All objectives were met. Three questions were developed for the purpose of the research. What is the incidence and the prevalence of HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic to 31.12. 2011? What is the range of services for the secondary prevention of HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic in 2011? What resources were directed to the national program for prevention of HIV/AIDS in the Czech Republic for the year 2011? Although in terms of prevalence the Czech Republic does not belong to countries at risk, given the characteristics of the disease and its incidence, it is essential to pay adequate attention to risks of HIV/AIDS, both in the clinical area and in prevention above all. For prevention means the least expensive and the most effective strategy in the fight against this disease. The paradox of this issue is that the number of infected with HIV/AIDS has been rising, however, the costs of prevention have been falling. This thesis might be used for medialization of this issue for the general public and for the enrichment of the course in epidemiology. Furthermore, it could be used as a contribution to the academic discussion.
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HIV testing problems on the part of addictive drugs users
KRÚPOVÁ, Lucie
The diploma thesis on the theme ?The problems of testing for HIV from the point of view of intravenous users of addictive substances? is divided into two main parts. The theoretical part outlines the whole extent of the problem of AIDS including testing for HIV antibodies generálky and testing for HIV in intravenous users of addictive drugs, the probléme of drug dependence and social work with drug users and the care system for the drug addicted. The practical part of the thesis was carried out through qualitative research. 32 intravenous drug users were questioned, the method used being a semistructured interview. During the second part of the research representatives of seven non-governmental non-profit making organizations, with a target group made up of drug users, were questioned. Two aims of the thesis were defined. The main aim was mapping the awareness of users of addictive substance of the possibilities of testing their HIV status. The second aim was monitoring the posibility of testing HIV positivity in the South Bohemian Region. Both aims were fulfilled. Three research questions were chosen: Do drug users know their HIV status? Is the reason of drug users´ ignorance of their HIV status their lack of interest in this problem? Is testing of drug users in the field adequate? After processing and analysing the results of the research three hypothese were defined. They are as follows: intravenous drug users in the South Bohemian Region are interested in their HIV status. Clients of contact centres underplay the risk of infection by the HIV virus. Testing drug users in the field in the South Bohemian Region is not sufficient. The conclusion of the thesis is first and foremost the discovery that testing in the field of people using addictive substances is necessary and the method of testing fir HIV in intravenous drug users needs to be adapted to the possibility of these people (free testing, the possibility of being tested in the afternoon, accompanying the klient to the health facility). The most advantageous possibility for ensuring a high protestation with intravenous drug users is the link of the contact centre directly with the health centre. An advantage would be especially a local link, so there should be a contact centre near the health facility, which there hardly ever is. Of course the crux is mainly good cooperation between the workers of individual organisations. The results of the research should allow the heads of low-threshold facilities to improve their work in the area of consultancy and widening of services for the testing of clients for the HIV and hepatitis viruses including improving their cooperation with health facilities. The thesis should serve as a basis for processing the regional anti-drug strategy.
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