|
|
Torrefaction of biomass for energy use
Sverkunová, Kristina ; Ivanova, Tatiana (advisor) ; Krepl, Vladimír (referee)
The Bachelor thesis is focused on torefaction of biomass for an energy use. It describes the technology including basic reactors, compares wet and dry torefaction and used materials that can be used for an agricultural waste. In the thesis I compared advantages and disadvantages of torefaction considering all hydrophobic, grindability and emission of greenhouse gasses.
Second and the important part of the thesis is the recent commercial use of biomass. Data are mainly taken from the SECTOR study, which was made in March 2016. So it can be considered as a recent data. This part is also concentrated on possibilities of faster development of this technology thanks to the commercial use. It is also explaining the importance of norms, which have not been regulated yet.
The conclusion refers to the main assets of this technology, when the usage of fossil fuels and its more ecological substitutes are discussed. I mentioned the problem of a carbon footprint is connected to a possible raise of wood materials import, that will be unavoidable in order to satisfy expected demand for year 2020.
|
|
|
Analysis of the pyrolysis process of plant biomass
Jičínská, Karolína ; Ivanova, Tatiana (advisor) ; Kolaříková, Michel (referee)
Nowadays, there is an increasing consumption of fossil fuels however their combustion is associated with release of great amount of harmful substances into the atmosphere. Polluted environment and the rapid depletion of fossil fuels lead to increasing utilization of renewable energy sources. Biomass, one of these sources, can be transformed by thermochemical and biochemical processes into material/product with a higher energy value. The promising thermochemical process is pyrolysis. It is a process where the temperature heats material without access of media containing oxygen.
This Bachelor Thesis entitled "Analysis of the pyrolysis process of plant biomass" was written as a literary review based on search and analysis of information for scientific articles from the well-known databases. The present Thesis summarized basics of pyrolysis as well as analyzed and compared various pyrolysis processes. The main processes are represented by slow and fast pyrolysis and also torrefaction. These processes are reviewed and evaluated, including technologies (reactors) that are nowadays applied. By pyrolysis process various kinds of carbon-based materials can be treated, however biomass is most commonly used for these purposes. Specific examples of scientific studies of plant biomass, which tested a potential use and output products, are also presented. The output of pyrolysis process consists of three products, namely liquid, solid and gaseous substances. The most desired output of pyrolysis is a liquid product, called as biooil, which has a wide range of utilization. In the last part of the Thesis advantages and disadvantages of the pyrolysis process and its energy and economic evaluation are presented.
|
guest ::
