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Vliv koncentrace, teploty a doby působení na biochemické parametry raka mramorovaného (Procambarus fallax f. virginalis) exponovaného neonikotinoidovému pesticidu, thiaklopridu
HUMMELOVÁ, Světlana
The aim of this work was to evaluate the effect of concentration, water temperature conditions and duration of action of thiacloprid on biochemical parameters of marbled crayfish (Procambarus virginalis). The time of this experiment was taken for 56 days (28 days of exposure and 28 days of depuration). Crayfish were divided into groups according to selected concentrations: control group without thiacloprid (K), highest detected environmental concentration 4.5 ?g?l-1 (TEN) and concentration 64.6 ?g?l-1 (TLC) (10 % of the 96-hour lethal concentration for marbled crayfish) and different water temperatures (17 and 23 °C). Crayfish, which was exposed to a lower water temperature conditions (17 °C) during the experiment, have been generally shown lower activity in behaviour against crayfish exposed to a higher temperature (23 °C). The effect of concentrations of thiacloprid (4.5 and 64.6 ?g?l-1) caused in the muscle and hepatopancreas LPO and changed GST activity. Statistically significantly (P<0.01) changes were observed in all tissues (muscle, hepatopancreas and gills), caused by effect of concentrations of thiacloprid (4.5 and 64.6 ?g ? l-1) and temperature condition (17 and 23 °C) during the experiment in SOD, CAT and GSH. The effect of thiacloprid concentration, water temperature condition and duration of action caused in haemolymph significantly (P<0.01) increase in GLU, NH3, AST, ALT and CK. Other parameters in haemolymph (LDH, TP, Ca2+, Mg2+) were affected only by the water temperature condition. Crayfish in higher water temperature condition (23 °C) showed higher values of these indicators in opposite to crayfish in colder temperature condition (17 °C). No different changes in haemolymph were observed only in two parameters (ALB and GLOB). The highest statistically significantly (P <0.05) changes of individual parameters inside each one group were observed especially after 14 and 28 days of exposure. Especially in higher concentration of thiacloprid and temperature was found that 28 days of depuration time was not sufficient to balance biochemical parameters to normal control values. At the end, it is apt to mention that water temperature condition had influence on individual parameters themselves, when in several cases different values of monitored biomarkers were measured between temperatures in groups exposed to the same concentrations of thiacloprid, even though their control groups showed no differences between temperatures. The results of this work confirm the synergistic effect of thiacloprid, temperature and duration of action on non-target aquatic organisms and could be used for other studies to evaluate the effect of thiacloprid and other pesticides on organisms.
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