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Orthotic and prosthetic equipment for patients with diabetes
Humpálová, Ludmila ; Půlpán, Rudolf (advisor) ; Čichoň, Rostislav (referee)
Author: Ludmila Humpálová Title: Orthotic and prosthetic equipment for patients with diabetes Objectives: The main objective of the thesis is to synthesise the information from the available literature and to deliver a summary of the basic of orthotic and prosthetic equipment used for patients with diabetes. Another objective is a description of equipment's basic manufacturing processes , mainly used for patients with diabetes. This thesis should help to clarify the most common options for equipment of patients with diabetes. Methods: The basis of the analytical part is literature review. In the practical part I have consulted my findings with experienced prosthetic. During the continuous practice I process an inventory of equipment options to patients with diabetes. Results: The result is a summary of information retrieval in equipment of patients with diabetes. Keywords: prosthesis, orthesis, syndrome of diabetic feet, arch supporter
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A Nurse in a Podiatry Clinic
POLÍVKOVÁ, Hana
Podiatric centre is a specialized clinic for diabetics which is focused on comprehensive care, diagnosis and treatment of patients with diabetic foot syndrome and on those ones at risk of diabetic foot syndrome. Currently there are 32 podiatric centres in the Czech Republic.Diabetic foot syndrome can be defined as ulceration or destruction of feet tissue mostly in diabetic patients, accompanied by neurological abnormalities and various degrees of peripheral artery disease. It is a disease that can be prevented by proper and thorough education in the area of foot care. The key task of a podiatric nurse is thorough and repeated education. a nurse informs patients about prevention and about proper foot and wound care, and instructs them on appropriate footwear. Furthermore, a nurse treats foot defects, does debridement, treats the limb with appropriate local medication, provides screening and sampling of biological material and finally, she provides patients with psychological support.In the research part we set two goals. The first one was to find out the specifics of a nurse´s activities in a podiatric clinic. a research question has been assigned to this aim - What are the specifics of nursing in a podiatric clinic? The second goal was to learn what information is provided by a nurse in the prevention of diabetic foot. This goal was investigated by asking the research question: What information about the prevention of diabetic foot do nurses provide? After processing the interviews the received material was divided into six categories. The first category focused on nurses´ education and extended by a subcategory of "Nurses´ self-education". Two nurses have completed the course for Certified Podiatric nurses, one is registered to it and the last one has no education in the context of podiatry. Nurses are educated primarily through the Internet and they attend some lectures.The second category describes what information is given by nurses in the prevention of diabetic foot syndrome. This category was divided into two subcategories, namely foot care and footwear. Most nurses agreed that the main principle of the prevention is daily foot inspection, no barefoot walk and especially thorough foot care as well as wearing appropriate footwear. As far as the foot care is concerned, the nurses agreed only on removing calluses and treating defects. The other answers were different. The nurses mentioned feet showering, thorough drying and lubrication. Diabetic footwear is recommended by all the nurses. They emphasize the importance of proper examination of footwear before putting it on and wearing suitable socks. In the third category we have dealt with the question of what it means to work as a podiatric nurse. All the nurses clearly agreed that their main activity is repeated and consistent education. We were pleasantly surprised to find out that some nurses use a practical demonstrations and give clients information leaflets and brochures. Furthermore, the nurses carry out administrative activities, treat defects, assist doctors and conduct basic podiatric examination. In the fourth category we dealt with basic podiatric examinations. All the nurses agreed that they perform physical examination and sampling of biological material. Most nurses also provide neurological and vascular examination. Two nurses mentioned that they send clients to an X-ray. In the fifth category we investigated which clients´ mistakes are the most common. It is definitely a bad foot care; this assertion is agreed by all respondents. Furthermore it is wearing inappropriate footwear and socks. In the sixth category, we evaluated what clients with diabetic foot syndrome are most interested in.According to the nurses´ answers podiatric patients are interested in healing their defect, they ask what the cause of diabetic foot syndrome is and newly diagnosed diabetics require the information about diabetes mellitus.
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Physiotherapy at high amputations as a complication of diabetes mellitus
HAJNÁ, Štěpánka
A topic of this bachelor thesis is "Physiotherapy at high amputations as a complication of diabetes mellitus." Diabetes mellitus is a chronic, etiopathogenically heterogeneous disease. It arises from the lack of an insulin action at its absolute or relative absence and it is accompanied by a complex metabolic disorder of sugars, fats and proteins. Long-term vascular complications, which can lead to an amputation, gradually develop on the basis of this disease. An introductory part of the current state is focused on the characteristic of diabetes mellitus, its classification, risk factors, pathogenesis, course and its complications. The other part is focused on the problem of amputations and the last part of the current state is focused on used examination methods and physiotherapeutic procedures. A goal of the research part was to evaluate a usage of physiotherapeutic methods at patients with the high amputation as a complication of diabetes mellitus and a possibility to integrate these patients into a life in the highest possible quality. I used, for the practical part of the bachelor thesis, methods of the qualitative research, the case study and an analysis of personal documents. The tested sample consisted of two patients with the high amputation, which was indicated because of complications of diabetes mellitus. The patients were monitored during their hospitalization in the rehabilitation ward or in the successive care ward of the hospital in České Budějovice. The results have been worked up in the form of case reports. The health status of all patients was at least partially improved and it came about their better integration into the society. It is therefore possible to say that rehabilitation goals were met. The bachelor thesis can be used in the actual work of physiotherapists or as a basis for their further scientific research. Then it can be used by patients themselves or by their close people in dealing with this handicap.
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