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The Questions of the Beginning and the End of Human Life
ČADOVÁ, Marie
This work deals with the problems of conception, gravidity and abortion in the first part and in the second part than deals with problems of death and dying. It concerns two cut-off points, which are component parts of human life. The first part surveis the biginning of human life and tries to find answers for questions, which have a connection with the conception, artifical insemination, surrogative maternity and abortion. It describes paradoxes, which comes from such situations. It appreciates this paradoxes in the wiev of medicin, ethics, psychology and law. The second part describes the end of the human life in several forms. It broods killing, suicide and euthansia in aspects of the psychology, medicine, law and ethics. In the end it describes the palliative care as an alternativ to euthansia.
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THE CONTRIBUTION TO STUDY AND PREVENTION OF EPHEBIC SUICIDIES.
TOMANOVÁ, Lucie
The theme of my graduation theses is ?The contribution to study and prevention of ephebic suicides?. More and more attention has been payed to problems of suicide behavior nowadays. But the prevention of suicide behavior has not been properly described yet and open to the public especially to teachers and pedagogical workers. It is necessary to focuse on a group of teenagers because there are more suicide attempts among these young people recently. Psychologists and doctors as well as teachers and pedagogical workers should pay more attention to these problems. Good knowledge of these problems and a readiness to help could often prevent suicide attempts. In the first / theoretical part I will describe problems of suicide behavior with a view to a group of teenagers. Basic terms will be explained, I will describe kinds of suicides, the influence of age, gender, seasons and week days on comitting suicides. I will define a suicide with a view to medical, psychological and sociological aspects. At the end of this part I will write about myths and facts concerning suicides and about the prevention of suicide behavior. In the second / practical part I will use a comparative method to confront case studies of teenagers who tried to commit suicide. I will search for especially pedagogical aspects and marks leading to the determination of abnormal behaviour to be able to prevent teenagers from comitting suicides.
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Analysis of suicidal behavior manifested by firearm usage in the Czech Republic in the period of 2004 to 2008 regarding selected demographic characteristics.
BAMBAS, Vladislav
Bachelor thesis deals with the issue of successfully committed suicides by firearm usage in the period of 2004 to 2008. The first part summarizes the current knowledge, introduces the definition of suicide, a brief history of suicide, motivation and ways of suicide commitment. Details on suicides committed by shooting themselves are mentioned. The second part is devoted to the research that was carried out, deals with analyzing the current state of successfully committed suicides by shooting themselves. The aim was to determine whether there is an increase in suicide rate committed by shooting themselves. In the period of 2004 to 2008 suicidal behavior analysis was carried out according to the age, sex, motives for suicide, belonging to a social group, education and the type of gun ownership. The aim was to verify if the police suicide registration is sufficient in relation to the reasons for its introduction. To meet the research goals the secondary data analysis was used, the baseline data were obtained from internal databases of the Police of the Czech Republic. Data analysis revealed that the increase in the rate of suicide by firearm usage was not recorded, more men than women commit suicide by shooting themselves and in most cases legally possessed firearms are used to suicide commitment. Firearm suicides are committed more likely by adults and the elderly, minimally by adolescents. In the largest group of self-murderers the motif was not identified, the most frequent motif identified is a physical illness. The most vulnerable social group are the unemployed, and most suicides are committed by people with secondary education. The police suicide statistics is used by the prevention department of the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic for analytical, statistical and inspection activities, the tracked markers are sufficient.
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Problems of Nursing the Patients Self-intoxicated in Suicidal Intention.
DRÁBKOVÁ, Iveta
Suicide as an individual event as well as a social phenomenon attracts great interest and attention in various spheres, both in the immediate environment of the self-murderer and in broader public. The definition of suicide differs according to authors and changes in the course of historical development. Most definitions are identical in two essential aspects of suicidal behavior. These are a voluntary individual's intention to terminate his life and a purposeful behaviour leading to death. Suicide is the conscious and intentional killing of oneself. About 95% of suicidal attempts are just acute intoxications by any amount or kind of a poisonous substance. Acute intoxication belongs to a group of serious conditions threatening human health and life. Acute poisoning is one of the frequent admission diagnoses in the Departments of anesthesiology and resuscitation and Intensive care units. 80% of poisonings are caused by drugs. Damage to the organism by ingesting a poisonous substance is the more significant the longer is the interval between the exposure to noxae and the professional medical assistance provision. For the future fate of the patient the medical equipment and the competence of health professionals who provide intensive care for these patients is crucial. After stabilization of all physiological functions, balancing inner environment of the patient and after the time that may have led to late complications of intoxication, the following phase of treatment is provided by psychological and psychiatric interventions. Determination of suicidal risk among the most common challenge in urgent psychiatry is suicide risk assessment. The aim is to prevent further suicide attempts. The objective of the thesis was to determine, with regard to the competence of nurses, the predominant character of patients´ experience after intoxication, and also the reasons for aggressive behavior of intoxicated patients towards the nursing staff. The third objective was to establish a standard of nursing care of intoxicated patients. The research was designed as explorative with the goal to map the nursing process in intoxicated patients and to provide information for the establishment of the standard of nursing care, which should include both somatic and psychological aspects. Quantitative and qualitative methods were combined. The outcomes of the thesis should lead to detection of the most frequent problems in nursing care for patients with intentional intoxication with suicidal tendency and the establishment of nursing standards to help improve the care of these patients.
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Specifics of suicide related to men and women
MISAŘ, Vladimír
Suicides are paid close attention in most countries all over the world as the number of this serious negative social problem shows rising tendency. Suicides are the major concern as they are spread in all age groups and their numbers have evidently been on the rise. The Bachelor thesis, in accordance with the goals stated, maps and develops the problem of men and women´s suicides in the South Bohemian region compared to those within the Czech Republic from 2004 to 2007. The theoretical part deals with a specific description of suicides in the Czech Republic including current numbers, depicting the centre of the problem, types, risk factors and causes of suicidal behaviour. The last chapter is focused on prevention and professional help which seems to be the only reliable safeguard. The practical part presents findings of a quantitative research. To complete the goals and verify the hypotheses, there were used a secondary data analysis based on the records of the Police of the Czech Republic and the Ministry of the Interior of the Czech Republic and an analysis of committed suicides, casuistries of completed suicides.
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Care for suicidal patients provided by the health rescuers.
BENDOVÁ, Lenka
Drives to persons demonstrating a suicidal intent are demanding especially for the mental condition of interveners, due to its emotional intensity as well as the awareness of responsibility for a human life that may be rescued, if a suitable intervention procedure is chosen, but also easily lost, if the intervener fails in the suicide{\crq}s eyes. A well chosen intervention may revert the suicide{\crq}s wish to die. For that reason, the rescue workers should be given the best possible preparation before this situation occurs in reality. The objective of my thesis was to find out whether the participating paramedics in the role of respondents proceed according to the valid standards (the type plan) or not, and if they do not, to what extent their methods, to which adhere in their practice, differ from the recommended standards. To obtain the necessary data, I used an anonymous questionnaire, aimed at the staff of the Emergency Medical Service of the Region of South Bohemia, working in the position of a paramedic. The questions were aimed at the possibility to obtain expert information concerning the subject in question, the frequency of drives to persons demonstrating a suicidal intent, composition and work of the intervention team on the spot of the event, and comparing the opinions of the procedure in the course of the intervention with standards recommended. The first hypothesis established, which was supposed to confirm that paramedics know the standards (the type plan or any other plan) of work with persons demonstrating a suicidal intent, was not confirmed because most of the respondents answered that they did not know these standards. The second hypothesis was partly confirmed. To improve professional knowledge concerning work with persons demonstrating a suicidal intent I propose a training course for paramedics, led by experts.
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Suicidal behaviour in children and adolescents
BENEŠOVÁ, Veronika
ABSTRACT The topic of my bachelor{\crq}s thesis, entitled ``Suicidal Behaviour in Children and Adolescents{\crqq} is swathed in a certain mystery. Even though it is the second most common cause of death in young people, it is rarely discussed and often overlooked. Perhaps all of us once in our lives, especially during adolescence, have wondered thought what would happen if we were no longer be here, if we were to leave this world voluntarily. But of course it is a very big step from having the idea to actually putting it into practice. This work focuses specifically on those children and adolescents who went so far that they tried to cross the boundary dividing life and death. The theoretical part covers suicidal behaviour in general and explains some of the terms associated with this subject. This section also discusses the different forms and methods involved in suicidal behaviour. Another important part comprises the risk factors or developmental aspects of suicidal behaviour and the concept of death. Also worth mentioning is self-harming, which is closely connected with suicidal activities. The last chapter is devoted to prevention, which is this case is indispensable. The aim of my work is to describe the disorder of the self-preservation instinct and to assess the characteristics shared by a sample of children and adolescents with a case history of suicidal behaviour. Based on the information available I decided to carry out a qualitative survey. The documents analysis method was used for this. More specifically, this was documentation available concerning children and adolescents who had been observed as having a disorder of the self-preservation instinct. The research sample consisted of fifteen boys with a case history of suicidal behaviour and who were hospitalized in a mental institution. As this was a small, monothematic sample group, I opted for the qualitative form of work. The most crucial result of the research was the finding that children with suicidal habits come from a background with a low level of emotion and inadequate emotional support. These deficiencies then make it harder for the person to adapt and unable to deal with conflict situations.
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Depression in Old Age
MAŠTEROVÁ, Monika
This thesis is theoretical and it engage in problems of the depression, in particular depression in old age. It divide in four chapters. In first chapter mentioned a characteristic deppresion. Here is a description, what is the depression and that exit some questionnaires, what make find, whether is a man it distress. Further here is mentioned it occurrence, history, mythes, causes, symptoms, types, treatment and consequences. In second chapter talk about age and growing old and their concomitant changes physical, mental and social. The third chapter devote a characteristic depression in old age, it occurrence, some differences between depression and demence, causes, symptoms, treatment and prevention. The fourth chapter present five stories of some people, who suffer from the depressions.
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The patient after the suicidal attempt in the psychiatric department
JÁCHYMOVÁ, Romana
Suicide, one of malfunctions of self-preservation, is the act of intentionally terminating one own´s life. Suicidal behaviour may be an extreme solution to a situation when a person has feelings of desperation and hopelessness. The persons with suicidal thoughts do not know any other ways out of unbearable emotional or physical suffering than to end their lives. Persons who have thoughts about suicide are often considered to be weak, inadequate dangerous, mentally ill. The best defense against this stigmatization is the full awareness both of the medical staff and the public of the character, the course and consequencies of such a behaviour. The role of a nurse is very important. When she has enough knowledge and is able to show empathy, then she can help effectively. The objective of my thesis was to find out how life of a person changes after a suicidal attempt, how he or she percieves and views that act afterwards. I also examine how the attitude to life has changed not only in persons who attempted suicide but also how their kins approach the problem. The aim was accomplished. Quantitative research was used and data obtained were evaluated. I analysed ten case studies and complex casuistics. Data were gained by the method of a structured interview. Respondents were adult patients in the psychiatric unit in the hospital České Budějovice, Inc.who were hospitalized due to their suicidal behaviour. My thesis may be mainly used to enhance awareness on the issue. The data will be handed over to other members of the medical staff and presented at medical workshops.
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Suicidal acting - by use of a gun
DUŠÁK, Václav
The bachelor thesis aims at suicidal action problems when firearms are used and the development of suicidal actions using firearms in the territory of the South Bohemia Region compared with the Czech Republic during the period 2004 {--} 2006. It analyses and works up suicidal problems as a serious social-pathological phenomenon. It contains two parts ( theoretical and practical ) and is divided into eight blocks forming the framework of the bachelor thesis.
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