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Development of photosensitive ceramic suspensions for 3D printing of porous bioscaffolds
Ravasová, Michaela ; Novotná, Lenka (referee) ; Částková, Klára (advisor)
The aim of the diploma thesis is the development of light-sensitive ceramic suspensions for the creation of porous bioscaffolds using 3D printing. The suspensions were based on aluminum oxide in the first phase and, in the second phase of the experimental part, on calcium phosphate. The theoretical part of the thesis focuses on describing human bone and the properties of bioscaffolds, providing an overview of biomaterials and methods for preparing porous bioceramics, along with a summary of previous results achieved by other scientific groups in the field. The experimental part describes the development of the suspensions. The influence of monomers, photoinitiators, dispersants, and ceramic powders on the properties of the suspensions and their photopolymerization ability was observed. By optimizing the suspensions, a suitable composition for 3D printing of scaffolds from aluminum oxide was achieved. The amount of dispersant and ceramic powder was determined based on rheological measurements, and the ratio of monomers and initiator content was adjusted according to gelation tests, where the dependence of resin polymerization on the illumination time was monitored. The suspensions were subsequently printed and sintered. The microstructure of the sintered bodies was characterized with a focus on defects specific to the debinding process. After creating a suspension suitable for 3D printing from aluminum oxide, the same procedure was applied to develop suspensions based on calcium phosphates. The outcome of the diploma thesis is a suspension based on aluminum oxide or tricalcium phosphate prepared from a mixture of di- and tetrafunctional acrylates in a weight ratio of 1:1, with 73-77 wt.% or 65 wt.% powder filling and 2 wt.% or 3 wt.% dispersant. The suspension is suitable for stereolithographic 3D printing of thin-walled bodies for biomedical applications.
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