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Vliv konstrukce odhrnovaček na odpor pluhu
Opluštil, Adam
In the theoretical part, the construction of soil preparing machines is discussed, in particular the construction of ploughs is described and the construction of machines for minimizing soil preparing is also described. The practical part dealt with the investigation of two types of plough mouldboards. The first type of design is the standard mouldboard and the second type is the slatted mouldboard. The content of the work was, among other things, to determine which type of construction exerts more resistance on the whole plough. Pöttinger SERVO 45 M PLUS and SERVO 45 M PLUS NOVA ploughs were used for the measurements. Both ploughs were 4-radial reversible so that the results could be compared. A Zetor Forterra 150 HD tractor with a power of 95 kW (129,2 hp) was used as the tractive power source. The field measurement, which took place from 9 August to 11 August 2021, took place in the municipality of Sebranice u Skalice nad Svitavou. The approximately 10 ha of land where the measurements were carried out consisted of brown earth with a humus content of 2,5 %. Furthermore, measuring sections of 50 m length were marked out. During the measurements, data were collected on: time taken to pass the measuring sections, pulling power, fuel consumption, soil compaction and plough depth and width. Fuel consumption was measured with mass flow meters. To measure the specific resistance of the plough, the plough system was pulled by a second tractor. The tractor was a John Deere 8330 tractor with a power of 254 kW (330 hp). The connection between the two tractors was provided by a rope with an embedded Hottinger strain gauge force transducer that was placed in the hitch of the pulling tractor. The condition for calculating the plough resistance was to find the rolling resistance out, which was then subtracted from the tractive force. The results indicated that the average percentage difference between the specific resistances of the ploughs was almost 4,7 % with the standard mouldboard (68.47 kPa) having a higher specific resistance than the slatted mouldboard (65.40 kPa). This suggests that in heavier soils it is economically more advantageous to use a plough with a slatted mouldboard, which has less resistance.
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