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Role vybraných druhů Lactobacillů na fyziologii a imunitu tenkého střeva člověka a prasete
Moravcová, Eliška
These bachelor thesses deals with the effect of four chosen species from genus Lactobacillus on immunity system and homeostasis of small intestine in human and pigs. For this thesses were selected four species: Lactobacillus casei, L. acidophilus, L. rhamnosus and L. helveticus. The genus Lactobacillus and its probiotics impacts are very discussed topics within society and scientists teams. Although awareness of effects of Lactobacillus is on high level some facts are not completely understood or expanded to public. This work deals with, and also summarizes the current state of scientific research about the effects of Lactobacilli on human health and the orga-nism of pigs.
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Research of vertebrate-microbiota relationship using germ-free organisms
Kubovčiak, Jan ; Kreisinger, Jakub (advisor) ; Hájková, Petra (referee)
Germ free (axenic) animals are individuals reared under specific conditions preventing their contact with surrounding microorganisms. Some of the features observed in these individuals vary from those observed in naturally colonized counterparts. These differences probably reflect the influence of presence of a complex intestinal microbial population in the intestine, which influences important physiological functions of the host body by various mechanisms. Thus, nature of these differences allows to study relationship of the host, vertebrate in this case and its microbiota, which evolved into a complicated system of interactions providing relatively stable coexistence. Germ free research of this relationship is focused on interactions between microbiota and host's immune system, metabolism, morphology of digestive tract and behavior. This thesis provides summary of research outcomes on previously mentioned topics. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Influence of selected feeding supplements on the occurrence of coccidias in digestive tract of chickens
PAZDERKOVÁ, Lenka
Taking preventive measures has a major impact on the overall health status of poultry in every breeding and it can prevent considerable economic losses in this way. The aim of this study was to obtain basic knowledge about the occurence of coccidia oocysts in the faeces and the occurrence of pathological changes in the intestinal mucosa of broiler chickens after the use of selected feed supplements. Experiment was made during winter 2013 and summer 2014 with 250 specimens of one-day broiler chickens. Four experimental groups (prebiotics, probiotics, homeopathy, coccidiostats) and one control group were created. Treated groups were administered by Selected feed supplements were served to chickens during 14 days since the sixth day of their life. Mixed faeces samples were collected twice a week and processed in the laboratory. Also the frequency of coccidia oocysts was monitored under the light microscope. Intestines were collected during the slaughters of chickens (five pieces from every group) and tested to confirm or disprove pathological changes associated with coccidiosis of poultry. Intestines were collected three times after seven days. The Reduced frequency of occurrence of coccidia oocysts in faeces of chickens in all groups of the winter and the summer trial period was demonstrated, while pathological changes of the intestinal mucosa were not proved.
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THE OCCURRENCE OF COCCIDIOSIS IN THE GUTS OF SUCKING PIGS BEFORE AND AFTER WEANING.
ČIVIŠOVÁ, Jana
In the whole, 487 samples have been collected from two farms in the Kladno region during the time periods as following: Autumn 2004, Winter 2005, Spring 2005,Autumn 2005, Winter 2006 and Spring 2006. For the investigation of the parasite presence in the dung the flotation-concentration method (Sheather sugar solution) and specific aniline {--} carbolic - methylviolet colouring according to Miláček and Vítovec (1985) with followed microscopy investigation at 200 - 400× magnification have been used. The infections caused by Cryptosporidium spp., Eimeria spp., Isospora suis, Giardia intestinalis, Trichuris suis, Ascaris suum and Strongyloides ransomi have been found in the samples. For the most part, the infection caused by Cryptosporidium spp. (19.1 %), Eimeria spp. and Isospora suis (5.2 %) have occurred in the breeds. Prevalence of the Giardia intestinalis flagellates have reached to 2.9 % and 5.4 % for nematodes Majority of the positive samples had solid consistency of the dung. The smallest occurrence of the parasites have been diagnosed in the winter 2005. On the contrary the greatest occurrence have been diagnosed in autumn 2005.
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