|
|
Special radiographic projections in orthopedics
COUFALOVÁ, Hana
The main topic of this thesis are special projections used in orthopedics. Radiology nowadays plays an important role in any field of medicine and helps with medical diagnostic or directly with treatment. Nevertheless, these methods are mostly used for diagnostics and classification of type and degree of injury or disease. For most common examinations are used standard, classic projections, which are described in literature on RTG projections. However, in some cases comes requests for non-standard projections from orthopedist. These projections are not so commonly known and most radiological assistants are usually not familiar with them. The theoretical part of the thesis summarizes general overview in orthopedics, bones anatomy and radiodiagnostics. The main objective of work presented in the thesis was to gain information from specialized RDG locations on projections conducted for the use of orthopedists with help of interview and practical demonstrations. The collected information was to be used to create a brief manual of the used projections, which would be available for the radiology assistants at the other RDG locations. Inputs were collected from these organizations: University Hospital in Motol, University Hospital Královské Vinohrady, Hospital Na Bulovce and Health center Mazurská. The set objectives have been achieved; the manual is presented in the results' section. The listed projections are mostly special projections conducted on demand for orthopedists. Each organization has naturally different standards and a procedure of each projection may slightly differ from place to place. Also the system of projection's designation may vary. From the list are excluded projections demanding special tools, devices or instruments and/or special technical setting or parameters; projections used rarely; and held projections (with assistance of orthopedist).The reasoning for the exclusion is a fact, that the manual is intended for RDG locations conducting the most standard projections and the special types are used only seldom. There were formulated further research questions, whether special orthopedic projections vary and whether is it possible to specify and summarize them into a form of a handbook. Another question was whether RDG assistants are familiar with these projections. The answer was positive yes, these projections can be processed as an educational material. And the knowledge of the RDG assistants about these projections depends on the length and extent of their practice and experience from the practical education at university and also on the extent of projections provided on the daily basis. The main benefit of the thesis was drawing up the manual overview of particular projections used in orthopedics including descriptions and figures, so that every radiological assistant can use it to perform these projections.
|
|
|
Diagnosis of breast diseases with a refference to special mammographic projections and interventional breast procedures
BOHÁČOVÁ, Markéta
Breast cancer is considered to be the most frequent women malign disease. The task of Screening Centres is to find breast cancer in its initial stage, when its treatment is more effective. In my research, I aimed at the use of special projections and interventional procedures in breast cancer diagnostics. I have described various diagnostic methods with their advantages and disadvantages together with the clarifying of the reasons of their use. I have also found some difficulties that a radiograph assistant can meet with in his or her work; I have tried to suggest different solutions. On the basis of individual examinations results processing, the hypothesis that special projections result in the decrease of intervention procedures and intervention procedures lead to the reduction of unnecessary surgeries has been confirmed. Nevertheless, in minimal number of cases we fail, despite all our efforts, to take a representative sample so that the diagnosis could be reliably made. We seek to reduce the number of such cases both by improving staff{\crq}s qualifica-tion and innovating examination methods.
|
guest ::
