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Vliv kyselé a dusíkové zátěže na dostupnost dusičnanů v lesních půdách
KOTOUNOVÁ, Adéla
The Czech Republic faced high acid deposition in the past that altered soil chemistry and nitrogen (N) cycle. However, it is not clear whether the changes are related to soil acidification or to the nutritional effect of N. The aim of this study was to determine the availability of nitrates in the beech and spruce forest soils and to determine how it is influenced by acid and N addition (application of sulfuric acid and ammonium nitrate; a six-year field experiment in the Ore Mountains). Other soil characteristics influencing nitrates were evaluated: net N mineralization and nitrification, the availability of ammonium and microbial biomass. Soil acidification affected spruce forest nitrification while N addition increased beech forest microbial biomass.
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Fenologická pozorování ve smrkovém porostu na ekosystémové stanici Rájec, Drahanská vrchovina
Mizerová, Lucie
This diploma thesis evaluates the commencement of phenophases considering the changing microclimate conditions in the habitat of Norway spruce (Picea abies /L./ Karst) in a young and a mature spruce monoculture at the ecosystem station Rájec. The phenology of spruce undergrowth has also been under observation. Regarding the methods, above-ground phenology and observation by means of phenocams have been used. The results have been compared not only among themselves but also in the context of long-term averages. Thanks to the fact that phenophases of forest woody plants and herbaceous plants are dependent on climate conditions, the results of long-term phenological observations are a conclusive indicator of climate changes. The results of this diploma thesis can be a contribution to the phenology database.
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Hodnocení struktury bylinného patra lesních porostů založených na bývalé zemědělské půdě v okolí Huslenek
Kretová, Hana
This thesis deals with the development of phytocoenosis in spruce stands at a different age based on the farm lands nearby the village of Huslenky. In addition to that the development of the soil environment was monitored on this forest cover. One of the aims was to try to create a series of successional development phytocoenosis on the wooded farm land. Field survey consisted of phytocenological imaging in nineteen different age stands. It was made a total of 55 releves. For pedological surveys were dug seven soil pits and from them were taken soil samples from the Ah and B horizons. The interim results of the analyses are confronted with a typological map and it is evaluated whether it is really possible to differentiate the surface typologically on the selected locations. The results are divided into three parts. In botanical outputs set of data is broken down into 4 groups according to their similarity. Pedological output value pH and saturation of adsorption complex. Also it is evaluated ecological demands of plants. The discussion is distributed and commented on the process and results of the thesis, or the causes and consequences of phenomena occurring typically in the similar spruce stands.
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Závislost průniku sluneční radiace na indexu listové plochy lesních porostů
Synakievicz, Petr
Availability of solar radiation for plants at different levels of forest stand is significantly influenced by the amount of solar radiation incident on the stand canopy, by optical properties of the stand and by stand structure. The aim of this bachelor thesis was to evaluate relationship of penetration of solar radiation (photosynthetically active radiation, PAR) on the leaf area index (LAI) of the forest stands in the growing season (May to October) of 2009 and 2010 at the ecological experimental study site of Bílý Kříž (the Moravian-Silesian Beskids Mts., the Czech Republic). The statistical evaluation showed that in the years 2009 and 2010, none of the monitored variables (amount of PAR incident on the stand canopy, amount of PAR penetrating below the stand canopy, leaf area index of the stand) were any statistically significant differences. Average transmittance (ratio of FARt penetrating below the stand canopy and FARi incident on the stand canopy) calculated for the whole growing season (May to October) was ca. 2.5% both in 2009 and in 2010. The maximum value of LAI in 2009 was 9.39 m2 m-2 and 10.06 m2 m-2 in 2010. LAI values were set in the years significantly affected by weather conditions. Analysis has shown that the penetration of solar radiation is highly dependent on the amount of foliage - index leaf area.
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