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Zaplevelení kukuřice a hnojení organickými hnojivy
Robenek, Jakub
In the spring of 2023, field trials were set up on the school farming enterprise Nový Jičín plot to assess weed infestation the application of slurry, farmyard manure, digestate and separate. Liquid fertilisers (slurry, digestate) were applied at a rate of 50 m3, solid fertilisers (manure, separate) were applied at a rate of 50 t/ha. After the application of the selected fertilisers, they were incorporated, followed by tillage and sowing of maize (Zea mays). During the 6th leaf stage of maize, the current weed infestation was evaluated, followed by the application of herbicide, which successfully suppressed the weeds present. The results of the weed infestation showed differences between the fertilization treatments, with the highest weed infestation determined for the manure-fertilized treatment, followed by the digestate, slurry, and separate treatments. On the basis of statistical processing, the following weeds were identified as the most abundant weeds in the manure: red dead-nettle, common field-speedwell, common orache, common amarant, common fumitory, cockspur grass, curled dock, field pansy. The following weeds were present in the slurry: small-flowered cranesbill, cleavers, petty spurge, coltsfoot. The variant fertilised with digestate contained mainly weed species: wild radish, yellow charlock, shepherd’s-purse, field pennycress, field bindweed, rape, fat-hen, creeping thistle. In the part fertilised with separates, the following were mainly represented: field horsetail, mammoth red clover, common chickweed, dandelion, hoary cress, knotgrass, ribwort plantain. The last experimental variant was left without fertilisation, serving as a control. The identified weed species were also used for pH, N, P and salinity analysis as bioindicators. Weed species were divided according to the methodological guidelines into several groups representing certain criteria. During the comparison of the weed species criteria with the theoretical properties and character of the selected fertilizers, a conclusion was established in which the weed indications for each variant could be considered identical to the properties and character of the fertilizers.
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