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Ekonomické zhodnocení dopadu abiotických stresových faktorů na výnosnost u Slunečnice roční
Zaikova, Viktoriia
This bachelor thesis is devoted to the influence of stress abiotic factors – drought, high temperatures and soil salinization on the annual yield of sunflower. The goal was to assess their impact on the prices of agricultural producers of this oilseed crop. The literature review of the work determines which factors are abiotic. In addition, several literature materials were studied, where studies on sunflower production were conducted. It was found out what importance sunflower has in agriculture and how it is used. The chosen task was solved with the help of statistical processing of data for the period 2015-2019 on the yield, production and acreage of sunflower in Europe and the Czech Republic. Based on the data, it was found that due to drought and high temperatures, sunflower yields may decrease by 15-30 %. Despite all this, sunflower is one of the most reliable plants and is the most cost-effective - it’s profitability reaches about 60 %.
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Rozdíly v zaplevelení širokořádkových a úzkořádkových plodin
Kubínek, Marek
The task of this bachelor's thesis was evaluate weeds and evaluate the differences in weeding of narrow-row and wide-row crops. The evaluation took place on the land of AGROPOD Podolí a.s. and at the private farmer Ing. František Kubínek. Weeds were observed per 1 m2 in winter wheat, spring barley, maize and annual sunflower. The results were statistically evaluated using canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). In narrowrow crops, weeds were recorded mainly from the families Asteraceae, Chenopodiaceae, Convolvulaceae and Violaceae. These species were mainly creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense), white goosefoot (Chenopodium album), wild buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus), field pansy (Viola arvensis) and others. Weed species of the families Chenopodiaceae, Asteraceae Asteraceae and Convolvulaceae have been found in broadleaved crops. The most common were white goosefoot (Chenopodium album), creeping thistle (Cirsium arvense), wild buckwheat (Fallopia convolvulus) and others.
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Vliv plazmového výboje na smáčivost semen vybraných kulturních plodin
PIHERA, Pavel
This bachelor thesis deals with the influence of atmospheric (Gliding arc) and low-pressure microwave plasma discharge on the surface of common wheat (triticum aestivum), annual sunflower (helianthus annuus), and pea (pisum sativum) and how the use of plasma discharge affects the ability of water to adhere to the seed surface. In this paper, the wettability of seeds before and after the use of plasma discharge is measured. The wettability is measured according to the angle of the drop applied to the measured seed.
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Současné trendy a výsledky pěstování Slunečnice roční (Helianthus annuus L.)
Spousta, Jakub
In the master thesis is evaluated general knowledge about cultivation of Common Sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). The theoretical part is based on observation of Sunflower cultivation technology in particular company in 2016 with focus on Sunflowers species. The Sunflower was grown at 20 % of total companys farmland area (1384,78 ha). There was grown following Sunflower species in the benchmark year: medium early hybrid NK Neoma CL, early hybrid NK Brio and medium early hybrid LG 56.55. The Iregi species has been added for the analysis in which phenological phases of the species were studied. Samples to determine the quality parameters were collected at the harvest. Identificated values of laboratory analyzes were statistically processed and evaluated. Last but not least was calculated cost profitability within the financial materials of the company.
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Analýza aktuálního zaplevelení vybraných širokořádkových plodin
Pfefr, Ladislav
The aim of this thesis was to assess the weed infestation and the effect of crop density on the occurrence of weeds in selected wide-row crops on the land of the agricultural holding Agrospol a. d. Knínice. The weed infestation was assessed in the crops of maize, common sunflower and sugar beet. The weed infestation rate was determined in field conditions using the calculation method. The results were further processed by canonical correspondence analysis (CCA). Species such as Elytrigia repens, Geranium pusilum and Mercurialis annua were found in fields with sparse maize crop. Fallopia convolvulus and Anagallis arvensis prevailed in fields with sparse common sunflower crop. Species such as Chenopodium album, Echinochloa crusgalli and Veronica persica were most common in fields with sparse sugar beet crop.
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Využitie dusíkatých hnojív so sírou vo výžive slnečnice ročnej
Maťko, Jakub
The main goal of this diploma thesis with topic „Application of nitrogen fertilizers with sulphur in nutrition of common sunflower“ was to find out the effect of split nutrition in common sunflower and its quantitative and qualitative yield parameters. The diploma thesis is about advisement of used fertilizers with nitrogen and sulphur influence on achenes yield, WTS, oil content and oil production. One year vegetative experiment was realised in ZD Hrušovany u Brna. Urea was used in all variants in dose 100 kg.ha-1 (in control variant was used 200 kg.ha-1). In growth stage of eight leaf were aplicated 40 kg.ha-1 of nitrogen with fertilizers LOVOGRAN, LOVOGRAN IN, DASA H, ENSIN, DASAMAG and MAGNISUL on variants with splitting nutrition. The highest yield and economical efficiency were gained by LOVOGRAN. In comparasion with control variant the yield of achenes incresed by 9,3 % and the profit was about 40,85 €.ha-1. Even the highest WTS was reached in variant with MAGNISUL (38,95 g), the profit from yield grew up to 2,8 % in comparasion with control variant. Variant with DASA H gained statistically influenced the highest oil content (44,88 %). The highest oil production was gained by LOVOGRAN.
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Výtěžnost oleje vybraných odrůd slunečnice roční [Helianthus annuus L.] pěstované v rozdílných systémech pěstování
Bartoš, Radek
The main objective of presented thesis was comparing cultivation of sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) in convetional way of farming and organic farming. Experient was founded in Lanžhot (Břeclav district) in 2015. We evaluated the phenological phases BBCH and weather. These parameters were determined in harvested achenes: yield, HTS, moisture, oiliness, oil yield. Further, we calculated the direct costs, cost efficiency and return of sales. Results showed differences between conventional farming and organic farming. It could be explained by atypical course of weather in 2015
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Biofortifikace slunečnice roční (Helianthus annuus L.) selenem
Vágnerová, Lucie
The diploma thesis is focused on a small-plot year-long experiment, carried out in 2013. The experiment monitored reaction of sunflower's (Helianthus annuus L.) hybrid NK Brio to foliar fertilizing with selenium, applied in the form of sodium selenite (Na2SeO3) during growth stage R1, at rates 50, 100, 150 and 200 g Se.ha-1. Foliar application of selenium at rates 50 - 150 g.ha-1 caused stimulation of weight of a plant biomass and nutrient uptake (esp. N, Mg and Se). Rate of 200 g Se.ha-1 inhibited plants' growth. Sunflower achenes yields were not statistically significantly influenced by foliar application of Se (p0,05). The most significant effect of foliar application of Se was its content in sunflower achenes; the amount of Se increased significantly (p0,05) in a linear relationship (r = 0.9824) to the graded rates.
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Mimokořenová aplikace mikroelementů ve výživě slunečnice roční (Heliabthus annuus L.)
Škarpa, Petr
Mikroelementy, jako esenciální prvky, sehrávají v metabolismu rostlin nezastupitelnou roli a o nutnosti jejich optimálního obsahu v rostlinách s ohledem na tvorbu produkce a její kvality není pochyb. Cílem předkládané studie bylo přispět k doplnění řady známých a objasněných funkcí mikrobiogenních živin a jejich účinků ve výživě slunečnice roční. V práci byl vysledován pozitivní vliv mimokořenové aplikace B, Zn, Mo a Se v kontrolovaných podmínkách maloparcleních polních pokusů na produkci biomasy, obsah a odběr živin porostem, výnos a hmotnost 1000 nažek, olejnatost a produkce oleje a jeho kvalitu.
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