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Precipitation of Intermetallic Phases in Austenitic-Ferritic Duplex Steels
Myška, Martin ; Foret, Rudolf (referee) ; Čech, Jan (referee) ; Záděra, Antonín (advisor)
This PhD thesis addresses the issue of precipitation of intermetallic phases in cast duplex stainless steel according to the ASTM A890 Gr4A standard. The aim of the thesis was to determine the amount of precipitated intermetallic phases depending on the temperature and holding time during isothermal annealing and under anisothermal conditions during cooling of the material in the temperature range from 1000 to 600 °C. The partial aim of the work was to determine the relationship between the amount of precipitated intermetallic phases and the mechanical properties of cast steel ASTM A890 Gr4A. As part of the work, the description and prediction of the kinetics of precipitation of intermetallic phases using the Johnson-Mehl-Avrami equation were verified. The relationship between the amount of precipitated intermetallic phases and the failure character of the material was determined by fractographic evaluation. The critical cooling rate of the casting was determined to ensure the minimum toughness of the steel that is desirable to reduce the risk of cracking during cooling of duplex stainless steel castings.
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Energetika tvorby sigma fází v Mo-X (X=Co, Cr, Fe) systémech
Houserová, Jana ; Šob, Mojmír
In systems Mo-Co, Mo-Cr and Mo-Fe, we performed calculations of the total energies of formation of all 32 possible occupations of sublattices in sigma phase structure. The optimisation of the lattice parameters of all structures was included. Sigma phases in studied systems exhibit positive values of energies of formation and it is supposed that the stability of the really existing sigma phases (i.e. Mo-Fe and Mo-Co) is due to configurational and vibrational entropies.
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Calculations of Energetics of Sigma Phase Formation and Thermodynamic Modelling in Fe-Ni-Cr System
Chvátalová, K. ; Houserová, Jana ; Šob, Mojmír ; Vřešťál, J.
The energy of formation of sigma phase with respect to standard reference structures of pure constituents were calculated using the combination of LMTO-ASA and FLAPW method for Ni-Fe and Ni-Cr systems. All results are based on the equilibrium lattice parameters of included structures. Calculated energies of formation of sigma phase of pure constituents were used for the thermodynamic modelling of the ternary system Fe-Ni-Cr. The calculated phase diagram agrees well with experimental data. Enthalpies of formation of sigma phase in Ni-Cr and in Ni-Fe obtained by thermodynamic modelling agree with the energy of formation calculated ab initio.
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Ab-Initio Calculated Energetics of Sigma Phase in Mo-Fe and Mo-Co Systems
Houserová, Jana ; Šob, Mojmír ; Vřešťál, J.
It is shown that first-principles electronic structure calculations may be used to estimate the energy of formation of sigma-phase in molybdenum-based systems. The calculations are performed with the help of the linear muffin-tin orbital method in the atomic sphere approximation (LMTO-ASA) and the full-potential linear augmented plane wave (FLAPW) method. The exchange-correlation energy is evaluated within the general gradient approximation (GGA).
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