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Reprodukce a management chovu vybraných plemen masného skotu
NÁVAROVÁ, Eliška
The literature review presented in the bachelor thesis focuses on the ma-nagement and characterization of cattle breeding, specifically the Aberdeen Angus, Limousin, and Charolais breeds. The following chapter describes ecological ag-riculture, as the thesis includes companies that breed cattle in organic farming. The upcoming chapter of the thesis centers on the reproduction of beef cattle breeds. The aim of this thesis was to conduct a comprehensive and continuous analysis throughout the year by which to evaluate the level of reproduction and ma-nagement. The practical part focuses on evaluation the course of delivery, pregnancy diagnosis results, weight of calves at birth and weaning, and the results from semen examination. The data for this thesis were collected from six companies using ac-companying lists of cattle, animal husbandry records, and bull spermograms. In the conclusion of the thesis, the results are summarized and evaluated. Companies specializing in Limousin and Charolais breeding include their bulls in herd for approximately two months. The company that focuses on breeding Aberdeen Angus has its bulls in herd for most of the year. More frequent occurrence of difficult births was recorded for the Limousin breed at the Rolnická Skalná company, and their number significantly exceeded the average incidence of complicated births for this breed. A higher incidence of di-fficult births was also analyzed for the Charolais breed at the SPO-ZEM Nový Kos-tel company. The number of difficult births recorded at the company specializing in breeding Aberdeen Angus slightly exceeded the breed's average. The highest success rate of pregnancy was found in the companies SPO-ZEM Nový Kostel, Farmy Třebeň, and Anonymu. The Naturland company achieved unsatisfactory levels of pregnancy rates. Companies breeding Limousin achieved lower birth weights, nonetheless the values were satisfactory. Weaning weights of calves in these companies were suita-ble. Companies focused on breeding Charolais achieved unsatisfactory average birth weight values but excellent weaning weight values. For the Aberdeen Angus breed, satisfactory average weaning weight was achieved for heifers, while the weight of bulls was lower than usual for the breed. From the total of 12 monitored bulls, all were fertile at the beginning of the breeding season, infertility was diagnosed in three bulls, and one bull had a high number of immobile spermatozoa. In these bulls, a treatment was applied, which was found to be effective only in two breeding males after the third collection. Bulls for which the treatment was ineffective were removed from the breeding pro-gram.
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Vliv délky ekvilibrace na motilitu spermií býků po rozmrazení
KRÁTILOVÁ, Karolína
The aim of the study was to monitor the change in motility of bull sperm post-thawing depending on the time of equilibration before freezing of insemination doses. The percentage of progressive sperm activity post-thawing was determined from the average progressive sperm activity after collection. The evaluation was performed on 6 bulls, approximately the same age, reared under the same conditions at the insemination station. 15 ejaculates were taken from each bull and subsequently processed into insemination doses, which were divided into four groups according to the length of equilibration: 1, 3, 8 and 24 hours. Equilibration was performed in a refrigerator at 5 ° C. The doses were then frozen and evaluated after one week of storage in liquid nitrogen. The mean values of the input parameters were: progressive motility at sampling was 74.63 ? 9.07, the amount of ejaculate 10.08 g and the density 0.91x 106 ml-1 sperm. The results document higher progressive sperm motility with longer equilibration times (8 and 24 hours) as opposed to shorter times (1 and 3 hours) (p <0.01). The best procentual progressive motility was recorded at the equilibration time of 8 hours, when it was 58.74 ? 13.92 % of the initial value (43,84 % of real progresive aktivity). When evaluating the progressive motility of bull sperm after thawing, statistical differences were observed between bulls (p <0.05). Determination of the progressive motility of bull sperm is important in terms of assessing bull fertility. The equilibration time is only one of many factors influencing the quality of the produced insemination doses.
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Výživa plemenných býků
KOUBA, Jindřich
The aim of this thesis was the study of available publications covering the topic of breeding bulls nutrition, the analysis of the feed dose and the evaluation of the semen quantity and quality after addition of extruded flaxseed (EL) to the feed dose. 200 semen samples from 8 breeding bulls of the Czech Fleckvieh were proposed as the subject of observation. The influence of EL to the sperm motility and concentration and to the amount of semen was observed and evaluated. The positive effect was found out in all of the observed characteristics. Experimental group showed increase in the amount of semen in comparison to the control group, and the statistical analysis displayed a significant difference in the effect of the time factor (effect of the addition of EL) on the amount of semen within the groups. The sperm concentration in 1 mm3 of semen of the experimental group increased compared to the control group, but the difference was not statistically significant. The experimental group showed an increase in sperm activity and the time factor was statistically significant. From the results of this thesis follows that extruded flaxseed can be recommended as the suitable feed supplement for breeding bulls.
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Uplatnění inseminace v chovu koní v České republice
BARTOŇOVÁ, Bohdana
Aplication of modern biotechnology method, artificial insemination is very important for genetics control in horses. Only with application of insemination it is possible to ensure sufficient number of offspring of one stallion for objective evaluation of inheritance of particular genes. This thesis aims to collect information about current situation and results in horse breeding in the Czech republic. Reproduction indicatiors were evaluated within the Czech Warmblood breed in 2010 2015. The data was obtained from Czech warmblood breeders association yearbooks, analysed and compared to results of reproduction in selected species of farm animals (cattle, sheeps), obtained from corresponding yearbooks, registred by Bohemian-Moravian breeders association. In years of 2010-2015, 4320 artificial inseminations were recorded in Czech warmblood breeding. The number of foals born after artificial insemination was 1745, after natural breeding it was 1359. Average fertility in artificial insemination was 56,10 %, in natural breeding 49,34 %. In comparison of reproduction indicators with selected species of farm animals it was found out, that in horse breeding, evaluation of fertility of is considerably simpler than in other farm animals, since there are less indicatiors for evaluation. Different reproduction indicatiors are evaluated in cattle and sheep breeding.The reason might be in more focus on sport preformance in horses, than to reproduction indicators, that are not openly available.
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Male Sterlet (Acepenser ruthenus) Fertility under Fish Farming Conditions of the Czech Republic
SCHACHERLOVÁ, Jiřina
Currently, fish fertility studies are mainly focused on female fertility. Studies showing fertility of male fish of any kind are missing to a large extent. The main objective of my thesis was to identify what level of fertility is achieved by male sterlet (Acipenser ruthenus) in the conditions of fish farming in the Czech Republic. Male fish from the Vodňany farm where the raised population comes from Russia was compared to male fish from Pohořelice where the raised population comes from Danube. The total comparison test involved 49 pieces of fish. Following stripping to collect semen from male fish, the concentration of sperm (.109.ml-1) was measured in a 1 ml-1 semen sample. Consequently, a sperm count per 1 kg-1 male fish (.109.ml-1) and a sperm volume per 1 kg-1 male fish (ml-1) and a total male fish sperm count (.109) were measured. The highest values of weight identified in male fish was measured in the Pohořelice fish farm. The lowest values of weight was measured in male sterlet of the Vodňany fish farm. The highest as well as lowest volumes of collected semen per 1 kg-1 male fish were identified in Vodňany. However, the average volumes of both cultures were not significantly different. It was concluded by comparison that collected semena volume does not depend on the weight of said fish. Also, the relative fertility was significantly different between male fish of the same population. The highest and lowest sperm count per 1 kg-1 male sterlet were identified in Vodňany. The average minimum and maximum sperm counts per 1 kg-1 male fish were different very much which shows that a greater number of male fish should be used for spawn to ensure sufficient egg fertilization. The average overall fertility values in both cultures are very similar and mainly different in specific specimen of the same culture as well as between those cultures. The results showed that a total sperm count in semen depends on the volume of collected semen. It was further concluded that sterlet fertility does not depend on the size (weight) of fish.
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