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The issue of drugs in traffic.
MELOUN, Jan
My final research deals with drug problem in drivers under the influence of drugs or psychotropic substances. This problematics I summary to the thesis called "The issue of drugs in traffic". The topics of drug or narcotic psychotropic substances (further OPL) in the body of drivers is up to date. The proportion of these drivers in constantly increasing in road traffic. This also increases the risk that this driver poses. The tesis is devided in two basic parts. Theoretical part contains an introduction to the issue from basic concept to the investigation methods. In practical part I present clinical and forensis toxicology laboratory tests from the hospital in České Budějovice, a.s., specifically I am interested in examinations by drivers requested by the Police of the Czech republic. Main topics of the research are drivers captured by the police on the basis of positive screening test (on - road) and by individuals OPL groups in the period 2014 - 2016. 1630 people were required to have an examination for 2197 OPL groups in this time period in laboratory of clinical and forensic toxicology in the hospital in České Budějovice. Positive result for OPL was found in 1450 people. By the way this research founded that in this time period numbers of required examinations by Police ČR rised. Mostly the drives had positive tests for cannabinoids, the share of positive metamfetamine (pervitin) drivers increased. This research can be use for a police training of procedures, implementation, negotiation and planning of roadside checks on drivers under influence of OPL.
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Nutrition and other factors, which have influence on the formation and prevention of colorectal cancer
BENEŠOVÁ, Lucie
The full title of my bachelor thesis is Nutrition and Other Factors Influencing the Development and Prevention of Colorectal Cancer. In the theory section of the paper I have concentrated on clarifying the term "colorectal cancer", its epidemiology, and furthermore, on diet and other risk factors concerning the development and prevention of this disease. In this theory section I have included information about screening tests for occult bleeding. I have addressed the key objectives in the practical section of the thesis. I had set two key objectives. The first was to research how well respondents were informed concerning diets beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer, and the second objective concentrated on assessing the respondents' behaviour in relation to the information they had acquired. The research questions were formulated thus: "How well are people informed about diets aimed at preventing colorectal cancer?" and "Do people behave according to information thus gained?" The qualitative research method a semi-structured interview was used for the research section. Ten male respondents over the age of 45 took part in the interview. Five of these males were Dr Ilona Paseková's outpatients all with a genetic disposition to colorectal cancer, with most experiencing problems related to this disease. The other five respondents were without any predispositions. After receiving answers to the questions posed to the respondents, I wanted to compare both groups in order to ascertain whether those with a genetic predisposition showed a greater interest in this disease. Furthermore, I wanted to find out whether those respondents were actively seeking information concerning the prevention or treatment of colorectal and anal cancer. All those interviewed were very open and willing to answer questions. Collection of data was carried out from January 2014 to March 2014. The conclusions of this thesis show that public awareness of colorectal cancer and its prevention is inadequate. Public awareness of diets beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer is markedly poor, even among high-risk respondents. Having observed this lack of awareness, I proceeded to question respondents as to their dietary and lifestyle habits. Furthermore, the respondents were asked if they were aware that colorectal cancer screening was available in the Czech Republic. The results showed that some respondents, however unaware of diets beneficial in the prevention of colorectal cancer, follow a healthy diet, thus fulfilling dieticians' recommendations concerning the prevention of this disease. When asked about preventive foods, respondents most often mentioned brassicas broccoli and cabbage, etc. Conversely, the most often mentioned foods said to increase the risk of disease were smoked meat and red meat. One respondent mentioned the preventive affects of shark cartilage. I was very surprised by this assertion and subsequently searched the internet for information relating to shark cartilage. To my surprise, I found that the respondent was indeed not mistaken, and that statements to that effect can be found on websites promoting dietary supplements containing shark cartilage extract. According to these sources sharks do not suffer from cancer and therefore, their cartilage is closely studied and dietary supplements containing its extracts are produced. Furthermore, I intended to compare two groups of respondents those with genetic dispositions and those without. After carrying out the respective interviews, their comparison appeared to be futile. In both groups I identified respondents who followed a healthy diet and lifestyle as well as those who did not. I found that there is no relation between high-risk habits and predisposition to colorectal cancer. Whether a respondent with such a predisposition decided to follow a healthy diet or change his dietary habits and lifestyle or not was purely a question of his personal preferences.
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