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Influence of rock glaciers on hydrological regime
Lencová, Kateřina ; Šobr, Miroslav (advisor) ; Falátková, Kristýna (referee)
Within this work, a literary research was performed on the topic of rock glaciers and their influence on river runoff. Rock glacier are features typical for high-mountain periglacial environment. Through the accumulation of part of the flowing glacial water, they significantly affect the timing and quantity of watershed discharge. In addition, stone glaciers preserve significant volumes of water in the form of buried ice, the gradual melting of which regulates river runoff, especially in the dry seasons. A physical- geographical characteristics of the Ala Archa river basin was performed and supplemented by a more detailed climatological characteristic of the study area based on the own processing of meteorological data from the Adygine meteorological station. The purpose of this work was to assess the impact of rock glaciers in the basin of eight selected rivers, which drain the Kyrgyz and Kungej Alatau, on their hydrological regime. It was found that the presence of rock glaciers in the monitored basins affects the runoff regime of these rivers, especially by reducing the differences between their June and July runoffs. Key words: rock glacier, hydrological regime, Tien Shan
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Past and Present Permafrost and Active-Layer Phenomena as Indicators of Late Quaternary Environmental Changes
Uxa, Tomáš ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Dobiński, Wojciech (referee) ; Winkler, Stefan (referee)
Late Quaternary has seen numerous major permafrost expansions and retreats associated with alternating glacial and interglacial periods as well as stadials and interstadials, the research of which is necessary to understand the past environmental evolution, but also provides useful analogues for its present-day and future behaviour. How- ever, observations of permafrost and active-layer phenomena are still limited, and sometimes misleading, even in many present-day permafrost regions, and naturally less comprehensive evidence is available from areas where permafrost existed in the past. The thesis provides comprehensive information on the distribution and morphology of mostly relict patterned ground and rock glaciers in the High Sudetes Mts. and in the Western and High Tatra Mts., respectively, which are the most widespread permafrost features that occur in these Central European mountain ranges situated north of the Alps. It shows that the landforms are closely related to increased severity of climates and/or sparser vegetation at higher elevations and as such they attest to the environmental conditions, which prevailed there towards the end of the Last Glacial Period to the early Holocene, but also to their current states. Similar elevation trends in the pattern morphology are also documented for...
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