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Vyhodnocení reprodukční užitkovosti prasnic ve dvou typech porodny
Zahnáš, Radek
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the reproductive performance of sows in two types of farrowing houses. These were the old maternity ward built in 1957 and the new maternity ward built in 2019. The monitored indicators were age at 1st insemination (days), age at 1st farrowing (days), number of all piglets born (pc/litter), number of live-born piglets (pc/litter), number of surviving piglets (pc/litter), length of weaning (days), losses of piglets in total (pcs), losses of piglets from birth to weaning (%, pcs), number of inseminations needed to impregnate a sow (insemination index), length of the intermediate period (days), length of the service period (days), length insemination interval (days), length of pregnancy (days), reasons for sow rejection (%) and reasons for losses of piglets to weaning (%). The data was evaluated using the Statistica 14 program (ANOVA, Turkey's test). 100 sows were monitored in both types of births on the 1st-3rd. litter. The new maternity ward achieved better results for all monitored indicators, except for the length of pregnancy. For all born, live-born and reared piglets, it reached the highest values at the 3rd parity. The shortest weaning periods in both the new and the old maternity wards were at the 2nd parity. Piglet losses from birth to weaning (%) were lowest at parity 1. At the 2nd and 3rd parity, the differences were very highly statistically significant. The insemination index ranged from 1.08 to 1.22 for both types of deliveries. The shortest intermediate period (150.16 days), service period (33.84 days) and insemination interval (36.52 days) was achieved by the new farrowing house between the 2nd and 3rd litter. The length of pregnancy was almost the same, but the old maternity ward fared better, when its average length of pregnancy was the shortest for the 2nd and 3rd litters at 113.5 days. At the new maternity ward, the shortest pregnancy was found in the 3rd litter of 113.66 days. The most common reasons for sow bracken were reproductive disorders (37%), locomotor disorders (21%), low performance (16%), udder disorders (9%), poor condition and health, both (6%) and age (5%) ). The most common cause of losses in both types was littering (50%) in the new maternity ward and (65%) in the old one. Furthermore, diarrheal diseases in the new (20%) and in the old (15%). Other causes were respiratory problems, starvation and unknown reasons.
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Rozbor reprodukčních parametrů prasnic ve vybraném chovu
Bezstarostiová, Martina
The main objective of the Thesis was to analyse the reproductive performance of sows in the selected breeding. Data collection took place in Vemas a.s, which is engaged in pig breeding. The data was gathered in this breeding in the period of August 8 2016 to July 31 2017 at sample of 938 sows in 1761 litters. In the litter, the age of first fertilization and parturition of sows were monitored as well as the length of gestation period itself and gestation period depending on the number of alive or dead born piglets in the litter. Furthermore, the amount of all born piglets was observed, alive and dead born ones in the litter, the number of mummified piglets, the amount of weaned piglets and the loss of piglets from birth to weaning in connection to the litter order of the sow. Most of sows were fertilized between days 230. and 249. of their age, while parturition appeared between days 350. and 359. of their age. The average length of gestation period was 115,38 days. The biggest portion of live born piglets (14,08 cases per a litter) was born at the length of 113 days of gestation period, the smallest portion of dead born piglets has been found at the lenght of gestation period between 118 and 119 days. Most of all (14,72 cases per litter) and of alive born piglets (13,91 cases per litter) were observed in the third litter, the amount of dead born and mummified piglets in the litter went up in relation with the litter order. The number of weaned piglets in the litters was fairly balanced, in average 12,12 cases per a litter. The losses between the birth and the weaning were the highest in the third litter (10,42 % out of live born piglets). The breeding reaches excelent results which are also proven by PICtrag league where the breeding came first two times in a row.
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Optimalizace zařazování prasniček do reprodukce
Čermáková, Veronika
The aim of the thesis was to analyze the marshaling gilts for breeding. The experiment contains two groups of gilts. First group included gilts from own production, second gilts were purchased. Main goal was evaluation of pregnancy length, age in first pregnancy, in first due date and assess the numbers all born piglets, live- born piglets, stillborn piglets and mummified piglets in the litter from the first parity sows. Gilts were also analyzed for reproduction, depending on breeding age or age in purchasing period. According to that results, we did evaluation for selected indicators of reproduction like gravidity length, all born piglets, live-born piglets, stillborn piglets and mummified piglets in a litter. As we can see from results, the highest number of all newborn piglets achieve gilts from own production, namely 13,70 DC. Gilts in own production gave us higher number of live born piglets, 12,74 DC but they have lower number of stillborn piglets, specifically 0,61 DC. Gilts, which were purchased, have lower number of mummified piglets 0,04 DC. The length of gilts pregnancy were the same in both groups, average is 115 days. First service of gilts in own production was 238,02 days, in group of purchased gilts it was 247,65 days. Averadge age for first birth in own production group was 353,66 days, purchased group 363,32 days.
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Analýza užitkovosti prasat ve vybraném chovu
Čadová, Marie
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the reproduction and production indicators from the data obtained and processed on the selected farm. Farm indicators were evaluated between 2013 and 2017 and 200 sows were selected from multiplier herds for which selected reproductive indicators were evaluated. The reproduction indicators were evaluate the number of all born piglets, the number of alive piglets, the number of weaned piglets and the stillborn piglets from birth to wean by parity and gestation length. The highest number of all born piglets and weaned piglets per year was reported by the farm in 2017. 15, 6 ± 3.3 pcs of all live piglets were born and 11.9 ± 1.6 pcs of piglets per litter were weaned. The average was weaned 1.8 ± 2.9 piglets. In terms of production indicators, the average daily gain and feed conversion per 1 kg increments for the pre-fattening and fattening category were evaluated by year and season. The highest average daily gain in both categories was found in 2015, in pre-fattening it was 414.7 ± 18.9 g/day and in fattening it was 813.8 ± 34.1 g/day. For the feed conversion indicator, the lowest values were found in 2015. In the pre-fattening category feed consumption per kg of gain it was 1.79 ± 0.19 kg and in fattening it was 3.01 ± 0.19 kg/kg.
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Characteristcs of cytoplasmic parameters in porcine oocytes during folliculogenesis
Milaković, Irena
The characteristics of energy status in porcine oocytes as related to their meiotic competence and in vitro maturation were studied. Cycling pubertal gilts in the early luteal to the early follicular phases of the ovarian cycle were used as oocyte donors. The oocytes recovered from medium (MF) or small follicles (SF) were considered meiotically more or less competent, respectively. The oocytes were examined before or after maturation by confocal microscopy, a bioluminescent cell assay and Western blotting. Four experiments, each in triplicate, were performed to assess both SF and MF oocytes in terms of metabolic units formed by mitochondria and lipids, ATP and lipid consumption and lipid droplets with adipose differentiation-related protein (ADRP) expression. In conclusion, specific differences in energy characteristics between porcine oocytes with different meiotic competence were found. Meiotically more competent oocytes are more advanced in terms of energy reserves before maturation, while meiotically less competent oocytes are more active in replenishing energy stores during maturation.
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Reproduction as an intensifying factor in the breed of pigs
PROVAZNÍKOVÁ, Alena
The aim of this work was to discover weak points and their impacts on breeding of pigs. It consequently suggests a successful management of company in the field of reproduction and nutrition of pigs. The work is focused on basic physiological and technological assumptions about reproduction of pigs and it deals with the oestrus, ovulation, classifying gilts for breeding, the onset of estrus after weaning piglets, the usage of natural methods and controlled reproduction, the usage of wet nurses sows systems, artificial insemination and current physiology of the reproductive cycle of the sow. A separate chapter of the work is focused on the nutrition and feeding of individual categories of pigs intended for reproduction (breeding boars, gilts, dimpling, pregnant and lactating sows) because nutrition has a huge impact on the breeding. Another chapter discusses about technological conditions and it deals with the diet of pigs as well as with the stable environment which is mentioned mainly from a technological point of view. The final part of the work is devoted with the development of reproduction during the last period and it concludes recommendations in the practical usage, mainly in the field of reproduction and rearing piglets.
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