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The Solution to the Mind-Body Problem in Searle's Philosophy of Mind
Popelář, Jan ; Kranát, Jan (advisor) ; Moural, Josef (referee)
This paper studies the mind-body problem in Searle's philosophy of mind. It thoroughly evaluates his criticism of the philosophical tradition and the scientifc methodology. As he argues, the former has been misleading us with its dualistic distinctions and the latter has been pushing us into various forms of reductionism. Most importantly, though, it examines his proposed solution to the mind-body problem, his defnition of consciousness, intentionality, subjectivity, and in addition, his famous "Chinese room" argument disputing claims of strong AI proponents. Although this paper does deal with many of the problems his claims and theories inherently contain, it is primarily meant to outline Searle's view on consciousness and its implications in the context of the mind-body problem tradition, rather than to be an extensive elaboration of his one specifc thesis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Consciousness in Nature. A Russellian Approach
Mihálik, Jakub ; Hill, James (advisor) ; Hvorecký, Juraj (referee) ; Coleman, Sam (referee)
Jakub Mihálik: Consciousness in Nature. A Russellian Approach Abstract: This thesis attempts to provide a philosophical answer to the question of how phenomenal consciousness, or experience, can exist in the physical world, i.e. in the world as it is described by science. The thesis has three parts: In the first part (chapter 1) I explicate the concept of phenomenal consciousness and contrast it with other concepts of consciousness common in the literature. Moreover, I suggest that the project pursued in this thesis can be naturally viewed as a part of the more general project of trying to find a stereoscopic view of man, taken by Wilfrid Sellars to be a crucial task for contemporary philosophy. In the second part of the thesis (chapters 2 to 4) I offer a detailed evaluation of the attempts at a materialist reduction of consciousness. While in chapter 2 I explore and critique the approach of apriori physicalism (Dennett, Lewis, Rey, etc.), in chapters 3 and 4, I focus on the more recent doctrine of a posteriori physicalism and especially its most prominent variety called the phenomenal concept strategy (Loar, Papineau, Levin, Schroer, etc.). One problem with a posteriori physicalism is that, as Nida-Rümelin, Goff and others argue, the view cannot make sense of the plausible thesis that our phenomenal...
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The Solution to the Mind-Body Problem in Searle's Philosophy of Mind
Popelář, Jan ; Kranát, Jan (advisor) ; Moural, Josef (referee)
This paper studies the mind-body problem in Searle's philosophy of mind. It thoroughly evaluates his criticism of the philosophical tradition and the scientifc methodology. As he argues, the former has been misleading us with its dualistic distinctions and the latter has been pushing us into various forms of reductionism. Most importantly, though, it examines his proposed solution to the mind-body problem, his defnition of consciousness, intentionality, subjectivity, and in addition, his famous "Chinese room" argument disputing claims of strong AI proponents. Although this paper does deal with many of the problems his claims and theories inherently contain, it is primarily meant to outline Searle's view on consciousness and its implications in the context of the mind-body problem tradition, rather than to be an extensive elaboration of his one specifc thesis. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Dzogchen and its philosophical aspect in Bon tradition
KLOZAR, Karel
The thesis deals with philosophical aspect of Dzhgchen, which is the core of the Yungdrung Bon traditon. It is very special spiritual tradition because of it's very special nondualistic view of man and universe. First part deals with the history and division of it's teachings and it's Dzogchen lineages. Next part focuses on explanation of differences in views of sutra, tantra and Dzogchen, mainly from the standpoint of the view of base, path, fruit, emptiness, clarity, conscioussness and mind and it's nature. Next part provides translation of the text Twelve little tantras and it's deep explanation. Last part, and most important one, focuses on philosophical examination of some key aspects of Dzogchen, mainly on it's view of autenticity of mindnature. This part also compares Pramenides's fragments with some key points of view of Buddhism and Dzogchen, which may lead to some unexpected conclusions about man's thinking and the problem of it's intentionality.
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Confrontation of western and eastern spirituality: options and limitations of contemporary approaches the transcendent
KLOZAR, Karel
The thesis deals with examination of the transcendent in relation to the human being through intraspective and extraspective analysis of some typical differences of eastern and western approach to being. Pointing out some fundamental differences on extraspective level. Searching for possible similarities on intraspective level ? real, imaginary and possible. Inspiration with Jung's collective unconsciousness and individuation process as the possible key to understanding the essence of human as focus of relation of an universal and an individual. The transcendent as a collective goal, or source of conflict? Are eastern and western approaches the transcendent compatible? Is there some essence of the transcendent, which is universal and points to some unbiased form of experience? Integration of consciousness and unconsciousness as the fundamental joint of East and West.
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