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Low-energy recycling of poly(ethylen terephthalate) waste
Slabá, Jitka ; Beneš, Hynek (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with a new low-energy method of chemical recycling of poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) using natural oils as reagents and microwave irradiation to accelerate depolymerization. The results of experiments with PET waste and castor oil, when the reaction mixture was heated in microwave reactor, showed that a complete depolymerization of PET chain has occured. Optimal conditions for the depolymerization PET were established: wt. ratio of PET / castor oil = 1 / 9.7, when the molar ratio of ester bonds of PET / hydroxyl groups of castor oil = 1 / 2.7, catalyst : zinc acetate at wt 1% from the PET mass, reaction temperature ranging from 235 to 245řC and the reaction time 60 min. Decomposition experiments also showed, that microwave irradiation accelerated decomposition of PET. Depolymerization reactionin MW reactor was complete at 6x shorter reaction time than the decomposition in the classically heated reactor. The results of analysis showed that the resulting product,the recyclate, was composed of unreacted castor oil and polyol products, that contained partially or fully esterified structural unit of PET, which were ended by ester-linked units of castor oil.
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Application of renewable and recyclable raw materials for preparation of new polymers
Horák, Pavel ; Beneš, Hynek (advisor) ; Cajthaml, Tomáš (referee)
This thesis deals with optimalization of flexible polyurethane foam recycling with using of natural polyols based on rape seed oil and fish oil and it explores applications of depolymerized polyol product by formulations of new polyurethane materials. The experiments of depolymerisation showed that both tested natural oil (rape seed oil and fish oil) can be used as effective reagents for polyurethane recycling. Reaction conditions of depolymerisation were optimised with model flexible polyurethane foam and applied on waste foam from real conditions. Gain of depolymerisation is one-faze low viscosity (to 1500 mPa.s) liquid polyol products with content of hydroxyl groups ca 3 mmol/g. These polyols can be used for polymerisation of new materials. First application of recycled polyols was formulation of polyurethane foam systems. Through optimising of formula was prepared low-density semirigid foam containing 100 percentage of recycled polyol. Properties of these foams correspond to commercial foams. To prepare of homogenous cast polyurethane system based on recycled polyols it was necessary to add proper solvent, therefor extent of application has been lowered. On that account the systems were tested for study of polyaddition reaction and for following properties of the material. In these tests, the reactivity...
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Approriatioon and recycling of media images
Černá, Iveta ; Láb, Filip (advisor) ; Slanec, Jaroslav (referee)
The bachelor thesis Appropriation and Recycling of Media Images focuses on how media images get outside their original context and how this changes their function and meaning. The work contains of three parts. The first part acquaints the reader with the method of appropriation and recycling, with its beginnings and its specificity. The second part investigates what icons are and how art uses them. We need to introduce basic semiotic terms in order to be able to explain how the meaning changes and how media icons work. In the third part, I focus on particular cases of appropriation and recycling, which are divided into separate subthemes according to their character, i. e. painting, political iconography, models and self-projection into iconic photographs. The fourth part occupies with the relationship between appropriation and copyright. It embraces subchapters on Czech copyright, Creative Commons licences, theories about free culture and particular cases of apropriation and recycling from the point of view of copyright infringement.
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What to do with it?
Stojanovová, Veronika ; Havlásek Tatarová, Lucie (advisor) ; Raudenský, Martin (referee)
Focus of Work: theoretical study with suggestions of application of the topic in the art education Subject: human needs and the consequences of their fulfillment, recycling as a more friendly approach to environment, reuse of waste in the fields of visual arts, design, and within the frame of the ,,Do It Yourself " phenomenon Objective: to point out recycling as a creative activity arising from artistic improvement of waste materials Contribution, knowledge: interdisciplinary studies, monitoring of various ways of utilization of waste, work with waste materials
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Assessment of the suitability of PET flakes produced by PETKA CZ, Inc. company for the manufacture of granulates for food purposes
Šudomová, Lucie ; Kučerík, Jiří (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This thesis deals with the recycling of polyethylene terephthalate and its subsequent processing into the form of a regranulate meeting the parameters required for food use. A brief description of recycling technology, PET flake quality rating and input material contamination is provided. Additionally, legislation regarding recycling for food purposes is discussed and regranulation technologies are described. The suitability of these technologies for processing specific flake samples has been confirmed. In the experimental part, differences in the regranulate samples are compared using DSC and FT-IR. It has been found that there are no major differences between food quality samples. Tests were carried out on 200 PET bottles (bottle, label), on which the input material was divided into 16 groups. Groups that are unsuitable for recycling with this technology was defined. In addition, contaminants of the final product were examined. Their approximate composition was determined and the relationship between the labels of the bottles at the inlet and the impurities at the outlet was found. Appropriate solutions have been proposed to reduce this contamination
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The influence of the location of buildings on price and cost of a building
Petr, Lubomír ; Výskala, Miloslav (referee) ; Aigel, Petr (advisor)
The thesis deals with the influence of the location of buildings on the price and the cost of a building. In the first theoretical part it deals with brownfields, redevelopment of geological environment and construction and demolition waste. In this passage the various concepts, their division, the legislative side of things and generally their problems are explained. The second part is practical, it analyzes the cost associated with the revitalization of abandoned buildings for the possibility of reuse of land. For these purposes the representative brownfield is created and it is set in different environment. In conclusion all important findings are summarized.
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The Municipal Solid Waste Management in South Bohemia Region at the Example of Two Towns
BARGER, Vít
This thesis deals with waste, especially with municipal waste and waste management issues. The practical part is focused on the financial aspects of waste management and processing of waste in Třeboň and Bechyně and also deals with issues of further processing of waste in the region. This thesis is supplemented with information about waste management of Písek, as a good example in the region. This information also served for better description of the municipal waste management in South Bohemia Region.
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Waste management Karlovy Vary Airport
Sýkorová, Heda ; Mikulová, Vlastimila (advisor) ; Ivana, Ivana (referee)
This bachelor's thesis on the subject of Waste Management at Karlovy Vary Airport is divided into three main parts. The first part presents literary research that comprehensively describes the given issues from the perspectives of the valid waste management legislation of the Czech Republic, the European Union, and Karlovy Vary County. The waste streams of the Czech Republic are described, as well as the existing obligations of treating them.
The second part of this thesis focuses on summarising the available information about Karlovy Vary Airport and its waste management. With the help of statistic indicators, the development of waste management in the studied period of 2008 2015 is analysed. The analysis centres on communal and hazardous waste, as well as animal and plant by-products and their handling.
The last part of the thesis is partly theoretical, comparing the waste management of the studied territory with other international airports, and includes suggestions for improving waste management as the number of passengers increases.
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Separation of the municipal waste in the region Most
Dinhová, Julie ; Mikulová, Vlastimila (advisor) ; Jan, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the issue of waste recycling in the Czech Republic and the region of Ústí nad Labem, especially in the city of Most. The theoretical part describes a brief history of the waste management issue. Afterwards, I also focused on the current state of waste management, waste collection, transport, sorting and waste treatment. I described the current legislation in the Czech Republic, relating to the waste management, waste treatment requirements and options.
I collected data on waste recycling in the years 2009 - 2015 as well as costs and revenues in the waste management in the years 2011 - 2015 and finally the data were statistically evaluated. The contractual relations between the city of Most and other waste treatment organizations have been considered, the most important seems to be an outstanding cooperation with EKO - KOM. Since the partial aim of this study was to analyze the relationship of citizens to waste sorting, I conducted a survey among the citizens of the city of Most, which reflects their general knowledge in the field of waste management, especially waste sorting options in the city where they live.
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