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Aktuální stav důsledků havárie černobylského jaderného reaktoru se zaměřením na kontaminaci zemědělských oblastí v nejbližším okoli JE Černobyl
Melnichuk, Alena
The basic objective of the study was to examine in detail all aspects of the Chernobyl accident and its consequences in the vicinity. In accordance with the aim the following tasks was propounded: - to prepare a literature review including knowledge on a given topic, - on the basis of the information obtained to characterize the degree of contamination of the specified areas ecologically significant radionuclides, - to analyze the significance of agroecological radiocontamination near the NPP and accidents of comparable nuclear facilities. The Chernobyl accident was a huge regional emission of radionuclides into the atmosphere with following radioactive contamination of the environment. Radioactive contamination has affected surroundings of the NPP and many European states, too. After the accident about 5 million hectares of land was entirely excluded from agricultural use, 30- kilometre-"excluded" zone was created, and hundreds of small settlements were destroyed and became inaccessible. Presently, ecological situation is determined by effects of some radioisotopes. These include above all: cesium Cs137, strontium Sr90, and lower concentrations of Pu238, Pu 239, Pu 240, Pu 241, Am241. Questions relating to radiation protection of citizens and the environment exposed to radiation after the Chernobyl accident are solved by state programs.
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