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Radiation emergencies with radiological impacts in the Czech Republic
VAZAČ, Daniel
Ionizing radiation is currently being used in many fields (radiotherapy, nuclear medicine, accelerators, flaw detectors, industry). In particular, open radionuclide sources are used in nuclear medicine departments, radiotherapy workplaces and, in industrial applications, it is usually closed radionuclide sources or so-called. Radiation generators, the main component of which is the X-ray. Of course, there is a certain risk of developing accident exposure situations. These situations are preceded by a system of radiation protection and emergency preparedness. Most of these measures can be found in the workplace internal emergency Plan document. The theoretical part of the thesis provides basic information about radioactivity and sources of ionizing radiation. In addition, the radiation protection system, the biological effects of ionizing radiation, the quantities used in radiation protection, the medical application of the IZ and the use of it in the industry are described in the work. The text of the research question is as follows: "which workplaces with sources of ionizing radiation in the Czech Republic have the greatest potential for the occurrence of an accident exposure situation with radiological implications? As a research methodology, the collection of information from professional publications with this theme was chosen. In addition, there were consultations with radiological physics at the Department of Nuclear Medicine and radiotherapy in České Budějovice Hospital, A.S. and with the inspectors of the SÚJB, where the resulting radiological incidents are reported. The work also includes a comparison of the system of radiation protection and emergency preparedness on the different types of workplaces. The practical part describes the types of workplaces that I have compared with each other. In particular, I have focused on the workplace using IZ in industry and medicine, i.e. deftoscopical workplace and Nuclear medicine workplace. The work provides an overview of the potential and occurrence of the radiative emergencies and the circumstances in which they were recorded. The aim of the work was to compare workplaces with sources of ionizing radiation and to sort them according to the possibility of radiation emergencies. A simple analysis found a more likely occurrence of a radiation incident at the workplace of industrial radiography versus a nuclear medicine site.
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Radiation emergencies with radiological impacts in the Czech Republic
VAZAČ, Daniel
Ionizing radiation is currently being used in many fields (radiotherapy, nuclear medicine, accelerators, flaw detectors, industry). In particular, open radionuclide sources are used in nuclear medicine departments, radiotherapy workplaces and, in industrial applications, it is usually closed radionuclide sources or so-called. Radiation generators, the main component of which is the X-ray. Of course, there is a certain risk of developing accident exposure situations. These situations are preceded by a system of radiation protection and emergency preparedness. Most of these measures can be found in the workplace internal emergency Plan document. The theoretical part of the thesis provides basic information about radioactivity and sources of ionizing radiation. In addition, the radiation protection system, the biological effects of ionizing radiation, the quantities used in radiation protection, the medical application of the IZ and the use of it in the industry are described in the work. The text of the research question is as follows: "which workplaces with sources of ionizing radiation in the Czech Republic have the greatest potential for the occurrence of an accident exposure situation with radiological implications? As a research methodology, the collection of information from professional publications with this theme was chosen. In addition, there were consultations with radiological physics at the Department of Nuclear Medicine and radiotherapy in České Budějovice Hospital, A.S. and with the inspectors of the SÚJB, where the resulting radiological incidents are reported. The work also includes a comparison of the system of radiation protection and emergency preparedness on the different types of workplaces. The practical part describes the types of workplaces that I have compared with each other. In particular, I have focused on the workplace using IZ in industry and medicine, i.e. deftoscopical workplace and Nuclear medicine workplace. The work provides an overview of the potential and occurrence of the radiative emergencies and the circumstances in which they were recorded. The aim of the work was to compare workplaces with sources of ionizing radiation and to sort them according to the possibility of radiation emergencies. A simple analysis found a more likely occurrence of a radiation incident at the workplace of industrial radiography versus a nuclear medicine site.
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Radiation emergencies with radiological impacts in the Czech Republic
VAZAČ, Daniel
The use of ionizing radiation is nowadays countless (radiotherapy, nuclear medicine, accelerators, flaw detectors). Open radionuclide emitters are used in nuclear medicine departments, closed radionuclide sources are used on deftoscopic workplaces. Of course, there is a certain risk of developing accident exposure situations. These situations are preceded by a system of radiation protection. Most of these measures can be find in the workplace breakdown plan. The work is divided into chapters. At first, I wrote basic information about radioactivity and ionizing radiation. Further in the work you will find the system of radiation protection, biological effects on the organism, quantities characterizing ionizing radiation (IZ), use of it in medical environment and industrial sources of it. The text of the research question is as follows: "which workplaces with sources of ionising radiation in the Czech Republic have the greatest potential for the occurrence of an accident exposure situation with radiological implications?" As a research methodology, I have used a gathering of professional publications with this theme. In addition, consultations with radiation physics in the Department of Nuclear Medicine in České Budějovice and comparison of radiation protection systems in workplaces were carried out. The practical part describes the workplaces that I have compared with each other. Equipment using IZ in industry and medicine. The deftoscopical workplace and the nuclear medicine workplace were compared. You can also find basic exposure situations that may arise and under what conditions it is possible to occurrence. The aim of the work was to compare workplaces with sources of ionizing radiation (ZIZ) and to arrange them according to the possibility of an accident exposure situation. Using simple analysis, it was found more likely to be possible to create an accident exposure situation at the workplace of industrial radiography in comparsion with a nuclear medicine site.
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Radiation incidents and radiation emergency in radiotherapy in connection with the new Atomic law and implementing regulations in force since January 2017
SOVOVÁ, Alena
The thesis is based on the need of workplaces, where ionizing radiation sources are used, to implement a new legislation in the field of the Atomic Act effective since 1st January 2017. The thesis is focusing specifically on Radiation accidental exposures and radiation emergency on selected radiotherapeutic departments with linear particle accelerator. The theoretical part deals with definitions and categorization of radiation accidents and radiation emergency, relevant legal requirements and related work documentation related to this issue. The practical part deals with the evaluation of specific documents processed at two radiotherapeutic departments, the outcome of which is a proposal for their revision, which in agreement with the requirements of the new legislation and submitted for SÚJB´s approval. Primarily, for this purpose, it is a part of the practical part to create data file of actual radiation accidents and radiation emergencies in two specific workplaces and to analyze the causes of their occurrence. An interesting element is the choice of workplaces with a different producer of a linear accelerator, where are only two companies on the market. This choice was intend to determine whether the root causes of radiology accidents can have a causal link in relation to the technology in question of SW or accessories of the producer. The aim of the analysis is, in any case, awareness, prevention and iterative removal of the causes of accidents and the adoption of such measures in order to avoid any recurrence of events already occurred. All precautionary and follow-up measures, including responsibilities and competences, must be documented in the documentation of departments, with each holder of the resource authorization being required to keep this documentation in agreement with practice and current legislation. The thesis contributes to the detection of the causes of the accidents and the revision of the related documentation in order to be in agreement with the actual situation in the given depratments.
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