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Subjective and psychophysiological parametres of emotions elicited by various animal taxa
Peterková, Šárka
SUBJEKTIVNÍ A PSYCHOFYZIOLOGICKÉ PARAMETRY EMOCÍ, KTERÉ VZBUZUJÍ RŮZNÉ SKUPINY ZVÍŘAT Mgr. Šárka Peterková Abstract The central theme of this dissertation is human evaluation of animals from the perspective of subjectively experienced emotions and their psychophysiological correlates. It deals mainly with the emotion of disgust and its connection with aesthetic evaluation and perception of animal beauty, and, on the other hand, with another negative emotion, fear. It also aims to assess the findings from an evolutionary perspective and to understand the role of emotions evoked by animals in present times. It contains a total of six papers that were part of broader scientific projects, each of which addresses the subject from a slightly different angle. The first paper is a review dealing with negative emotions evoked by animals and is thus part of the theoretical introduction to this dissertation. It provides an overview of the subjective evaluation of animals according to fear and disgust, places the role of negative emotions in an evolutionary context, and finally analyses specific morphological features of representatives of different taxa that influence human perception. The second article details the assessment of emotions evoked by amphibians. In this case, the degree of perceived disgust is so...
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Subjective and psychophysiological parametres of emotions elicited by various animal taxa
Peterková, Šárka ; Landová, Eva (advisor) ; Čmejla, Roman (referee) ; Španiel, Filip (referee)
SUBJEKTIVNÍ A PSYCHOFYZIOLOGICKÉ PARAMETRY EMOCÍ, KTERÉ VZBUZUJÍ RŮZNÉ SKUPINY ZVÍŘAT Mgr. Šárka Peterková Abstract The central theme of this dissertation is human evaluation of animals from the perspective of subjectively experienced emotions and their psychophysiological correlates. It deals mainly with the emotion of disgust and its connection with aesthetic evaluation and perception of animal beauty, and, on the other hand, with another negative emotion, fear. It also aims to assess the findings from an evolutionary perspective and to understand the role of emotions evoked by animals in present times. It contains a total of six papers that were part of broader scientific projects, each of which addresses the subject from a slightly different angle. The first paper is a review dealing with negative emotions evoked by animals and is thus part of the theoretical introduction to this dissertation. It provides an overview of the subjective evaluation of animals according to fear and disgust, places the role of negative emotions in an evolutionary context, and finally analyses specific morphological features of representatives of different taxa that influence human perception. The second article details the assessment of emotions evoked by amphibians. In this case, the degree of perceived disgust is so...
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The origin of specific phobia from spiders: Neurophysiological mechanisms vs. testing the assumptions of evolutionary theories explaining the origin of specific phobia from spiders
Hladíková, Tereza ; Landová, Eva (advisor) ; Telenský, Petr (referee)
Spider phobia is one of the most frequent specific animal phobias in the population. There are two key emotions in the origin of spider phobia: fear and disgust. Several theories of spider phobia origin were proposed and so the results and interpretations of these studies, which test prerequisites of these particular theories often vary. Studies focusing on psychophysiological measurements such as changes in heart activity or skin resistance, show differences in emotion intensity in phobics compared to non-phobics. The second group of studies concerning the analysis of proximate mechanisms attempts to uncover the brain activity during phobic stimulation. These studies mostly agree on the coordination of the cognitive control network and the fear-network with the key role of the amygdala and insula in the phobic reaction. Other studies which test prerequisites of evolutionary theories examine e.g. heritability of specific phobias, speed of spider detection or easier learning and extinction of fear of spiders. The aim of this bachelor thesis is focused on the results of studies uncovering the proximate neurophysiological and psychophysiological mechanisms of specific spider phobia and to discuss these results in relation to the paradigm of evolutionary theories about the origin of this phobia. It is...
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Psychophysiological correlates of emotion and memory
Jindrová, Miroslava ; Telenský, Petr (advisor) ; Vlček, Kamil (referee)
The first aim was to determine the baseline psychophysiological correlates in healthy subjects as a first necessary step towards the long-term goal of application the psychophysiological techniques in diagnostics mood and cognitive disorders. The second aim was to establish an easily applicable set of tests for evaluating emotional and memory processes by non-invasive psychophysiological methods. EEG, GSR, and eye-tracking data from 100 participants without any neurological or psychiatric disorders were obtained during watching affective pictures and performing memory tests. The spectral powers were computed for each 500 ms of the stimuli in theta, alpha, beta1, beta2 and beta3 bands in 12 areas of the brain. Lower alpha and higher beta3 power was related to higher emotional intensity. Negative emotions were distinguished in spatio-temporal changes of beta1 power and positive emotions showed higher beta3 power in right temporal region. Memory encoding showed higher alpha power. Lower theta and higher alpha power in central regions and overall increase of beta bands were observed during successful memory retrieval. A summary of spatio-temporal spectral correlates to emotional and memory processes was provided by this work. Key words: Electroencephalography, electrodermal activity, psychophysiology,...
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Application of psychophysiological methods in the study of bipolar disorder
Jindrová, Miroslava ; Telenský, Petr (advisor) ; Buchtová, Helena (referee)
Psychophysiological research of bipolar disorder reveals physiological correlates of each episode of the disorder. Neuroimaging methods come with findings of abnormal brain corticolimbic activity, deficit in cognitive functioning, including senzorimotor processes, and dysregulation in balance of sympathetic and parasympathetic activity. Differences are observed in bipolar disorder type I and type II and also in gender of patients. Knowledge about physiological processes may be enforced in treatment and therapy of bipolar disorder, including biofeedback. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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