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Scientific discoveries inspired by psychoactive plants
KRATOCHVÍL, Lukáš
This thesis deals with psychoactive plants with substances that have been used to increase creativity, openness and insight in the thinking of scientists. The aim of the work is to describe psychoactive plants and substances that were used by scientists during scientific discoveries and to bring these specific discoveries and scientists closer. The search and research method (questionnaire) was used for the solution. A total of 301 respondents filled out the questionnaire voluntarily. Through research, I discovered that the most used psychedelic substances in scientific discoveries were LSD, DMT, and mescaline. These substances are obtained from the following psychoactive plants: Purple sedum (Claviceps purpurea), Reed sedge (Phalaris arundinacea), Mimosia hostilis, Williams's hawthorn (Lopophora williamsii) or San Pedro (Trichocereus pachanoi). This result was also confirmed by the analysis of the results from the questionnaire. The result of this work is that these psychoactive species and substances show great potential for application in various fields, including in scientific research. So they certainly have an effect on creativity, insight and overall mental state. For this reason, further research and more legal benevolence with which subsequent research is associated would be good.
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Death and dying acceptance by people with experience of non-ordinary states of consciousness
PEŠEK, Martin
Non-ordinary states of consciousness have been presented for a long time and currently, when the spiritual side of the human existence is left out, the states of consciousness turn to its regeneration. This thesis is focused on the resulting changes in human life after passing the non-ordinary state of consciousness and especially regarding the changes in attitude towards death and process of dying. In the theoretical part, I have described the problem of death and the process of dying from the cultural, medical, psychological and theological view. I have presented the basic and extended model of the human psyche, the knowledge of which is essential in understanding the non-ordinary states of consciousness. Next, I have specified the concrete definition of non-ordinary states of consciousness and I have dealt with the extended description of those matters, when the human being is not directly touched or not during the experience with dead or dying. The last theoretical chapter goes into the therapeutic potential of the described non-ordinary states of consciousness. The goal of this thesis is to catch the significant similarities of the body and point its transformative effect on the personality of the human being, especially in the matters of basic existence. In order to achieve this goal, I have chosen the qualitative research strategy with the elements of phenomenological research. This semi-structured interview was defined as a method for collecting the data. The research file represents seven respondents with their own experience of a non-ordinary state of consciousness, especially near-death experiences, holotropic breathwork and psychedelic experiences. The results of this research have shown the significant changes in the lives of people who had this type of experience in question. The changes in their respective lives have also resulted in the reduction of the fear of death or dying of these individuals. The results from these findings have significant implications for the psychotherapy. It is mainly aimed at those therapists who have contact with people suffering from death and who have anxiety about dying.
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